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Monkeypox infection: An update for the practicing physician.

Fabian Patauner1, Raffaella Gallo1, Emanuele Durante-Mangoni1

  • 1Department of Precision Medicine, University fo Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli' & Unit of Infectious and Transplant Medicine, AORN Ospedali dei Colli-Monaldi Hospital, Naples, Italy.

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Monkeypox cases exceeded 26,000 globally by August 2022, raising pandemic concerns. This review covers monkeypox etiology, spread, diagnosis, and prevention strategies.

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Antiviral treatmentClinical presentationMonkeypoxProphylaxisRoutes of transmissionViral spread

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Global monkeypox cases surpassed 26,000 by August 5, 2022.
  • The rapid increase in monkeypox diagnoses has heightened concerns about a potential viral pandemic.
  • Understanding monkeypox is crucial for public health preparedness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive narrative review of monkeypox.
  • To cover the etiology, epidemiology, and virology of the monkeypox virus.
  • To inform on clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Narrative review of existing literature on monkeypox.
  • Analysis of transmission routes and spread patterns.
  • Summary of diagnostic methods and clinical features.

Main Results:

  • Detailed description of monkeypox etiology, epidemiology, and virology.
  • Identification of key transmission routes and modes of spread.
  • Overview of clinical presentation, diagnostic criteria, and treatment options.

Conclusions:

  • Monkeypox presents a significant public health challenge requiring global attention.
  • Effective diagnosis and management are essential to control outbreaks.
  • Immune prophylaxis strategies are vital for preventing future spread.