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Tracing, Tracking and Treating COVID-19 Associated Rhino-Orbito Cerebral Mucormycosis (ROCM).

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Mucormycosis cases surged post-COVID-19, presenting diagnostic challenges. Early screening, combined treatment, and follow-up improved patient outcomes significantly in this study.

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Mycology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • The second wave of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) saw a significant rise in mucormycosis cases.
  • This surge created diagnostic and prognostic difficulties for healthcare providers.
  • Understanding mucormycosis in the post-COVID-19 context is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the clinical and diagnostic features of mucormycosis in patients with a history of COVID-19.
  • To evaluate the survival outcomes and treatment efficacy for these patients.
  • To assess the reliability of diagnostic methods in identifying mucormycosis.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective chart review of 44 COVID-19 positive patients with suspected mucormycosis.
  • Analysis of demography, clinical presentation, diagnostic findings, and treatment outcomes.
  • Kappa statistics used to compare microbiological, radiological, and pathological findings.

Main Results:

  • 63% of cases were confirmed as mucormycosis.
  • Common symptoms included facial swelling, headache, and nasal blockage.
  • Strong agreement (k=0.83) was found between pathological and microbiological investigations.
  • 86.3% of patients achieved remission after 8 weeks; 4 patients died.

Conclusions:

  • Mucormycosis frequently presents with residual or recurrent disease in critical areas post-COVID-19.
  • Screening at-risk patients, prompt diagnosis, and combination therapy (antifungals, surgery) improve outcomes.
  • Timely follow-up is essential for managing mucormycosis in the post-COVID-19 era.