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The role of HPV in keratinocyte skin cancer development: A systematic review

Nicoleta Neagu1,2, Caterina Dianzani3, Aldo Venuti4

  • 1Dermatology Clinic, Mureș County Hospital, Târgu Mureș, Romania.

Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV
|August 24, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is linked to keratinocyte skin cancers, with beta and gamma HPV genera frequently detected in various skin lesions. Future HPV vaccines may offer adjuvant treatment for non-melanoma skin cancer.

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Oncology
  • Virology

Background:

  • Keratinocyte skin cancers are the most common malignancies, representing 30% of all cancer cases.
  • The role of beta genus human papillomavirus (HPV) in non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) progression in the general population is debated, despite its known association with specific conditions like epidermodysplasia verruciformis and in organ transplant recipients.

Approach:

  • This review systematically analyzes current scientific data on the presence and role of HPV in keratinocyte skin cancers.
  • Data from 2284 patients with actinic keratoses, Bowen's disease, cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas, and keratoacanthomas were included.
  • The study examined the prevalence of alpha, beta, and gamma HPV genera in these different skin cancer types.

Key Points:

  • Beta and gamma HPV genera were predominantly found in actinic keratoses and cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas.
  • Bowen's disease showed a high prevalence of beta and alpha HPV, while keratoacanthomas had a significant presence of beta, alpha, and gamma HPV.
  • Detection method differences, rather than specific HPV types, may explain variations in findings across studies.

Conclusions:

  • The study suggests that HPV, particularly beta and gamma genera, is frequently detected in various keratinocyte skin cancers.
  • Emerging evidence on HPV vaccination in NMSC patients indicates potential for developing beta-HPV or combined alpha and beta-HPV vaccines as adjuvant therapies for recalcitrant cases.

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