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[Vaccination coverage in children under one year of age in Minas Gerais state, Brazil]

Janaina Fonseca Almeida Souza1, Thales Philipe Rodrigues da Silva2, Tércia Moreira Ribeiro da Silva3

  • 1Secretaria de Estado da Saúde de Minas Gerais. Rodovia Papa João Paulo II 4143, Serra Vede. 31630-900 Belo Horizonte MG Brasil. janaina.almeida@saude.mg.gov.br.

Ciencia & Saude Coletiva
|August 24, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Childhood vaccination coverage in Minas Gerais declined significantly between 2015 and 2020. The year 2020 saw the lowest rates, with a notable downward trend in essential vaccines like the Pentavalent, impacting public health goals.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Immunization Practices

Background:

  • Childhood vaccination is crucial for disease prevention.
  • Monitoring vaccination coverage is essential for public health surveillance.
  • The period 2015-2020 witnessed significant global health events impacting routine services.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze vaccination coverage trends in infants under one year in Minas Gerais (MG) from 2015 to 2020.
  • To identify regional disparities and trends in vaccine uptake across MG's health regions.
  • To evaluate the achievement of vaccination coverage goals for key infant immunizations.

Main Methods:

  • Ecological, time-series study design.
  • Analysis of vaccination coverage data for 7 key immunobiologicals (BCG, rotavirus, pneumococcal 10, pentavalent, meningococcus C, yellow fever, polio).
  • Utilized the Prais-Winsten autoregressive model for trend analysis across 28 Regional Health Management/Superintendencies (GRS/SRS).

Main Results:

  • The year 2020 exhibited the lowest proportion of GRS/SRS meeting recommended vaccination coverage goals.
  • Eight out of 28 GRS/SRS showed a decreasing trend in coverage for at least 5 of the 7 analyzed vaccines.
  • A downward trend in coverage for at least five immunobiologicals was observed in 8 GRS/SRS, with the Pentavalent vaccine showing a decline in 60.71% of regions.

Conclusions:

  • Vaccination coverage in infants under one year in Minas Gerais experienced a concerning decline between 2015 and 2020.
  • The year 2020 marked a critical low point, with widespread failure to meet vaccination targets.
  • Targeted interventions are necessary to reverse the downward trend, particularly for the Pentavalent vaccine, to ensure adequate population immunity.

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