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Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
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Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
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Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 31, 2025

An Oncogenic Hepatocyte-Induced Orthotopic Mouse Model of Hepatocellular Cancer Arising in the Setting of Hepatic Inflammation and Fibrosis
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Immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma.

Mingzhen Zhou1,2, Baorui Liu1,2, Jie Shen3,4

  • 1The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.

Clinical and Experimental Medicine
|August 24, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a common liver cancer, is hard to detect early. Immunotherapy offers new hope by harnessing the immune system to fight liver cancer cells.

Keywords:
CAR-THCCICIsImmunotherapyVaccine

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunology
  • Hepatology

Background:

  • Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most common cancer globally and a significant health concern.
  • Late diagnosis of HCC often limits treatment options like transplantation or resection.
  • Immune system regulation plays a crucial role in HCC progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the advancements in immunotherapy for treating Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC).
  • To highlight immunotherapy as a promising approach for HCC treatment.
  • To summarize current immunotherapeutic strategies for liver cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of immunotherapy advancements in HCC treatment.
  • Analysis of current immunotherapeutic modalities for liver cancer.
  • Synthesis of research progress in HCC immunotherapy.

Main Results:

  • Immunotherapy leverages the body's immune system to target liver cancer cells.
  • Key immunotherapies for HCC include immune checkpoint inhibitors, vaccines, and cellular therapies.
  • Significant progress has been made in applying immunotherapy to HCC treatment.

Conclusions:

  • Immunotherapy represents a new and hopeful avenue for Hepatocellular Carcinoma treatment.
  • Understanding the immune system's role is vital for developing effective HCC therapies.
  • Continued research in immunotherapy is essential for improving HCC patient outcomes.