Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 31, 2025

Methylated DNA Immunoprecipitation
Published on: January 2, 2009
Cohort profile: the British Columbia COVID-19 Population Mixing Patterns Survey (BC-Mix)
Prince A Adu1,2, Mawuena Binka1, Bushra Mahmood3
1BC Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Insights
The BC COVID-19 Population Mixing Patterns Survey (BC-Mix) tracks public behavior to guide COVID-19 control measures. This study details the survey
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Social Science
Background:
- COVID-19 pandemic necessitated non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) in British Columbia (BC).
- NPIs like physical distancing and handwashing were implemented to minimize infection spread.
- Effective public health policy requires understanding population behavior and contact patterns.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe the design of the BC COVID-19 Population Mixing Patterns Survey (BC-Mix).
- To characterize the demographic profile of survey respondents.
- To establish a surveillance system for informing COVID-19 control measure adjustments.
Main Methods:
- An ongoing, repeated online survey initiated in September 2020.
- Participant recruitment primarily through social media platforms.
- Responses weighted by BC population demographics (age, sex, geography, ethnicity) for generalizability.
- Integration of census and location data for additional socio-economic indices.
Main Results:
- Over 41,000 eligible baseline responses collected by July 2021.
- Weighted demographics: ~50% female, ~39% aged 55+, ~65% identified as white, ~50% with university degrees.
- High consent rates for follow-up surveys and linkage to healthcare data.
Conclusions:
- The BC-Mix survey provides valuable data on population behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic.
- Findings support evidence-based adjustments to public health interventions.
- Future publications will detail contact patterns, intervention impacts, and vaccine acceptance.
Purpose:
Several non-pharmaceutical interventions, such as physical distancing, handwashing, self-isolation, and school and business closures, were implemented in British Columbia (BC) following the first laboratory-confirmed case of COVID-19 on 26 January 2020, to minimise in-person contacts that could spread infections. The BC COVID-19 Population Mixing Patterns Survey (BC-Mix) was established as a surveillance system to measure behaviour and contact patterns in BC over time to inform the timing of the easing/re-imposition of control measures. In this paper, we describe the BC-Mix survey design and the demographic characteristics of respondents.
Participants:
The ongoing repeated online survey was launched in September 2020. Participants are mainly recruited through social media platforms (including Instagram, Facebook, YouTube, WhatsApp). A follow-up survey is sent to participants 2-4 weeks after completing the baseline survey. Survey responses are weighted to BC's population by age, sex, geography and ethnicity to obtain generalisable estimates. Additional indices such as the Material and Social Deprivation Index, residential instability, economic dependency, and others are generated using census and location data.
Findings To Date:
As of 26 July 2021, over 61 000 baseline survey responses were received of which 41 375 were eligible for analysis. Of the eligible participants, about 60% consented to follow-up and about 27% provided their personal health numbers for linkage with healthcare databases. Approximately 83.5% of respondents were female, 58.7% were 55 years or older, 87.5% identified as white and 45.9% had at least a university degree. After weighting, approximately 50% were female, 39% were 55 years or older, 65% identified as white and 50% had at least a university degree.
Future Plans:
Multiple papers describing contact patterns, physical distancing measures, regular handwashing and facemask wearing, modelling looking at impact of physical distancing measures and vaccine acceptance, hesitancy and uptake are either in progress or have been published.
Related Concept Videos
Cross-Sectional Research
Statistical Methods for Analyzing Epidemiological Data
Longitudinal Studies
Cluster Sampling Method
To choose a cluster sample, divide the population into clusters (groups) and then randomly select some of the clusters. All the members from these clusters are in the cluster sample. For example, if you randomly sample four departments from your...
Stratified Sampling Method
To choose a stratified sample, divide the population into groups called strata and then take a...
Bias in Epidemiological Studies

