Characterizing eating behavioral phenotypes in mood disorders: a narrative review

Area of Science:

• Psychiatry
• Neuroscience
• Metabolic Disorders

Background:

• Mood disorders, such as depression and bipolar disorder, are prevalent and complex psychiatric conditions.
• These disorders involve disturbances in emotion, cognition, and metabolism, often accompanied by maladaptive eating behaviors.
• Characterizing these eating behaviors is crucial for refining diagnostic criteria and treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To synthesize evidence on Eating Behavioral Phenotypes (EBP) in mood disorders.
• To explore pathophysiological frameworks relevant to each EBP.
• To discuss potential treatment strategies for identified phenotypes.

Main Methods:

• This study is a narrative review.
• It synthesizes existing evidence on eating behaviors in mood disorders.
• It examines pathophysiological concepts and treatment interventions.

Main Results:

• Maladaptive eating behaviors in mood disorders manifest in diverse phenotypes, including issues with appetite, emotion, reward, impulsivity, diet, and circadian rhythms.
• Each phenotype has associated pathophysiological underpinnings.
• Various treatment approaches, including psychotherapy, pharmacotherapy, and nutritional interventions, are discussed for each phenotype.

Conclusions:

• Maladaptive eating behaviors in mood disorders are clinically relevant but often overlooked.
• A deeper understanding of EBPs can enhance clinical care and aid in the subtyping of mood disorders.
• This research supports more precise diagnosis and personalized treatment for individuals with mood disorders.