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Related Concept Videos

Mesenchymal Stem Cells01:19

Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells that can differentiate into most connective tissue cell types, except for hematopoietic cells, depending upon the source of MSCs. For example, bone-marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) can differentiate into osteocytes, hepatocytes, and pancreatic and neuronal cells. MSCs can be isolated from various sources such as bone marrow, placenta, adipose tissue, teeth, and Wharton’s jelly, a gelatinous substance in the umbilical cord. The ease of their access...
Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration01:21

Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration

Stem cell therapy is a method used in regenerative medicine to repair and restore function to damaged tissues and organs. Stem cells have the potential to proliferate and differentiate into various tissue types, making them ideal candidates for tissue regeneration. For example, hematopoietic stem cell transplants are commonly used in blood cancer treatment to replenish damaged bone marrow and restore healthy blood cells.
Types of Stem Cells used in Stem Cell Therapy
The two main cell types that...

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In Vivo Imaging and Tracking of Technetium-99m Labeled Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Equine Tendinopathy
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Mesenchymal Stem Cell Use in Acute Tendon Injury: In Vitro Tenogenic Potential vs. In Vivo Dose Response.

Kristin Bowers1, Lisa Amelse1, Austin Bow1

  • 1Large Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine, Knoxville, TN 37996-4550, USA.

Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 25, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Mesenchymal stem cell therapy shows promise for tendon injuries. Rat adipose-derived stem cells demonstrated tenogenic potential in vitro, but clinical efficacy in acute tendonitis was not proven in vivo.

Keywords:
connective tissue growth factorextracellular matrixmesenchymal stem celltendontenogenic differentiationtransforming growth factor beta-3

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Area of Science:

  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Sports Medicine
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Stem cell therapy is emerging for tendon injuries in human and veterinary sports medicine.
  • The efficacy of intralesional mesenchymal stem cell transplantation for tendonitis remains unclear.
  • Questions persist regarding the tenogenic potential and standalone effectiveness of stem cell treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To isolate and characterize rat mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) lineages (adipose-derived and bone marrow-derived).
  • To assess the in vitro effects of growth factors (TGF-β3, CTGF) on MSC tenogenic differentiation.
  • To evaluate the in vivo therapeutic potential of intralesional MSCs in a rat acute Achilles tendon injury model.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation and characterization of rat adipose-derived MSCs (rAdMSCs) and bone marrow-derived MSCs (rBMSCs) via flow cytometry.
  • In vitro assessment of tenogenic differentiation using TGF-β3 and CTGF.
  • In vivo evaluation of rADMSC therapeutic potential at low (5 × 10^5) and high (4 × 10^6) doses in a rat Achilles tendon injury model.

Main Results:

  • Rat AdMSCs exhibited superior proliferation and more homogenous stem cell marker expression (CD 73, CD 44H, CD 90) compared to rBMSCs.
  • Transforming growth factor-β3 (TGF-β3) was the most effective tenogenic factor in vitro, inducing morphologic changes, alignment, and glycoprotein production.
  • In vivo, rADMSC treatment subjectively reduced adhesions and scar tissue but showed no significant histological improvement in tendon grade or collagen I deposition compared to controls.

Conclusions:

  • Rat AdMSCs possess suitable stem cell markers and demonstrate tenogenic potential in vitro.
  • Intralesional implantation of undifferentiated rADMSCs did not prove clinically effective for acute tendonitis in this rat model.
  • Further research into complementary therapies or specialized pre-implantation culture conditions is warranted for enhanced efficacy.