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Sexually Transmitted Infections01:26

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A monkeypox virus infection mimicking primary syphilis.

Martina Turco1, Fabrizio R Mancuso1, Luigi Pisano1

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Clinicians should consider monkeypox virus (MPXV) in patients presenting with a single, painless genital nodule. This is crucial given the ongoing MPXV outbreak among men who have sex with men (MSM).

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • The current global outbreak of monkeypox virus (MPXV) disproportionately affects men who have sex with men (MSM).
  • Syphilis is a common sexually transmitted infection that can present with genital lesions.

Observation:

  • A solitary, painless genital nodule is a potential clinical presentation for both MPXV and syphilis.
  • Early diagnosis is critical for effective treatment and public health containment.

Findings:

  • MPXV should be included in the differential diagnosis for patients presenting with a solitary painless genital nodule, particularly within at-risk populations.
  • This clinical presentation highlights the need for broad diagnostic considerations beyond typical syphilis presentations.

Implications:

  • Clinicians must maintain a high index of suspicion for MPXV in patients with suggestive genital symptoms.
  • Timely diagnosis and management of MPXV are essential to curb transmission and prevent complications.
  • Public health strategies should emphasize awareness among healthcare providers regarding MPXV's varied clinical manifestations.