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Related Concept Videos

Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction

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Peripheral artery disease (PAD) predominantly results from atherosclerosis, which involves the accumulation of fatty deposits, or plaques, within the walls of arteries. This causes them to narrow and harden, significantly reducing blood flow. PAD predominantly affects the legs, particularly the arteries supplying the thighs and calves. In rare cases, it may involve other arteries, including those in the arms.Etiology of PAD:The principal cause of PAD is atherosclerosis, which results from fatty...
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Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation01:21

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Clinical manifestationsPeripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) manifests through a range of symptoms, from the characteristic intermittent claudication to atypical presentations and severe complications in advanced stages. Intermittent claudication, a hallmark symptom of PAD, presents as exercise-induced muscle pain that typically resolves within minutes of rest. This pain is reproducible and stems from inadequate blood flow, leading to the accumulation of lactic acid produced during anaerobic...
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Endocarditis can present various clinical features depending on the causative organism and the patient's underlying health conditions. Initially, the clinical features of infective endocarditis develop gradually, presenting with nonspecific symptoms that can be easily mistaken for other illnesses.General SymptomsEarly symptoms of infective endocarditis are fever, chills, weakness, malaise, fatigue, and weight loss. These symptoms reflect the systemic nature of the infection and the body's...
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Atherosclerosis I: Introduction01:30

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Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder characterized by the buildup of plaques on the arterial inner wall, causing them to narrow and harden over time. These plaques comprise lipids, calcium, blood components, carbohydrates, and fibrous tissue. The process primarily affects the intima of large and medium-sized arteries, reducing blood flow in any artery.Etiology and risk factorsThe cause of atherosclerosis is multifactorial, involving a complex interplay among endothelial injury, lipid...
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Peripheral Artery Disease III: Interprofessional Care01:27

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Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) is characterized by narrowed arteries that diminish blood flow to the extremities. Effective management of PAD requires an interprofessional approach involving various healthcare professionals. The critical aspects of interprofessional care for PAD patients focus on risk factor modification, drug therapy, exercise therapy, nutrition therapy, critical limb ischemia care, and interventional radiology and surgical procedures.The primary treatment goal for PAD...
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The human body is a complex, well-organized machine, and at the heart of its operations lies the circulatory system. This network of blood vessels, which includes systemic arteries, plays a vital role in maintaining life by transporting nutrients, oxygen, and waste products to and from cells throughout the body.
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A Rat Carotid Artery Pressure-Controlled Segmental Balloon Injury with Periadventitial Therapeutic Application
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PRIMARY OCCLUSIVE PANVASCULITIS WITH SEGMENTAL PERIARTERIAL PLAQUES.

Wei Kiong Ngo1, Richard F Spaide

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This study describes a new clinical entity: bilateral occlusive panvasculitis with segmental periarterial plaques. Prompt treatment with corticosteroids and immunosuppressants halted further vascular occlusions in two patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Rheumatology
  • Vascular Biology

Background:

  • Bilateral occlusive panvasculitis is a rare condition.
  • Segmental periarterial plaques, also known as Kyrieleis plaques, are a distinctive histopathological finding.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe a novel clinical entity: bilateral occlusive panvasculitis characterized by segmental periarterial plaques.
  • To detail the clinical course and management of two patients with this condition.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective chart review of two patients.
  • Comprehensive ophthalmological examination including imaging.
  • Systemic workup for inflammatory and infectious diseases.

Main Results:

  • Two patients presented with bilateral segmental periarterial plaques, cotton wool spots, and microaneurysms.
  • Recurrent vascular occlusions occurred before treatment; no further occlusions were observed after corticosteroid and immunosuppressant therapy.
  • Both patients developed neovascularization; one required advanced treatments for complications like cystoid macular edema and vitreomacular traction.

Conclusions:

  • The constellation of findings suggests a novel clinical entity: occlusive panvasculitis with segmental periarterial plaques.
  • Early diagnosis and treatment with corticosteroids and immunosuppressants are crucial to prevent further vascular occlusions and preserve vision.