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The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in...
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Chronic stress has been linked to both the onset and progression of serious health conditions, including Type 2 diabetes and cancer. Type 2 diabetes, a widespread chronic illness, is closely associated with obesity and insulin resistance, both of which often worsen under stress. Studies indicate that men experiencing high levels of chronic stress face a 45% higher risk of developing diabetes compared to those with minimal stress. Stress triggers physiological responses that elevate blood...
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Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
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Short-term regulation of food intake primarily involves neural signals from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, blood nutrient levels, and GI tract hormones. Communication between the gut and brain via vagal nerve fibers plays a significant role in evaluating the contents of the gut. Clinical studies have shown that protein ingestion produces a more prolonged response in these nerve fibers compared to an equivalent amount of glucose. Additionally, the activation of stretch receptors caused by GI...
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Human Genetics01:28

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Human genetics provides a profound framework for understanding the interplay between genetic predispositions and human psychology. At the heart of this discipline lies the study of how genes influence physical traits, behaviors, and susceptibility to diseases. Each person carries a unique genetic code that subtly or significantly shapes their psychological and behavioral landscape.
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Does Childhood Obesity Trigger Neuroinflammation?

Valeria Domenica Zingale1, Simone D'Angiolini1, Luigi Chiricosta1

  • 1IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", Via Provinciale Palermo, Contrada Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy.

Biomedicines
|August 26, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Childhood obesity may trigger neuroinflammation early in life. Analysis of adipose tissue in obese children revealed altered lipid metabolism and gene expression linked to inflammation and central nervous system responses.

Keywords:
childhood obesityinflammatory responsemetabolismneuroinflammationtranscriptomic analysis

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric endocrinology
  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Childhood obesity is a growing global health concern.
  • Obesity is linked to cognitive decline, neuroinflammation, and neurodegenerative diseases.
  • Adipose tissue changes during obesity can promote central nervous system (CNS) inflammation.

Observation:

  • Adipose tissue was collected from obese and normal-weight children.
  • Transcriptomic profiling was used to analyze biological processes.
  • Focus was on identifying early inflammatory and neuroinflammatory markers.

Findings:

  • Obese children's adipose tissue showed altered lipid and fatty acid metabolism.
  • An inflammatory response was detected in adipose tissue from obese children.
  • Key neuroinflammation-associated genes (GRN, SMO, IFNGR1, SNCA) showed altered expression.

Implications:

  • Obesity may initiate inflammation and neuroinflammation during childhood.
  • Early detection and intervention in pediatric obesity are crucial.
  • Further research into the mechanisms linking obesity and neuroinflammation is warranted.