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Antibiotherapy in Children with Cystic Fibrosis-An Extensive Review

Ioana Mihaiela Ciuca1,2, Mihaela Dediu1, Diana Popin2

  • 1Pediatric Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babes" Timisoara, 2 Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.

Children (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 26, 2022
PubMed

Insights

This review details current antibiotic treatments for pediatric cystic fibrosis (CF) bacterial infections. It emphasizes personalized, early interventions to preserve lung function and improve patient outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Respiratory complications are primary drivers of morbidity and mortality in pediatric cystic fibrosis (CF).
  • Bacterial infections, often polymicrobial and involving resistant strains, precipitate severe exacerbations in CF patients.
  • Effective management of these infections is critical for preserving lung function and improving prognosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and present current antibiotherapy strategies for CF-associated bacterial infections in pediatric patients.
  • To provide a comprehensive resource for guiding individualized, targeted treatment decisions.
  • To compare and analyze various treatment solutions proposed in existing literature.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search of PubMed and ScienceDirect for studies published until December 2021.
  • Inclusion criteria focused on antibiotherapy in CF pediatric patients (0-18 years), excluding adult studies or in vitro-only results.
  • Analysis of 74 studies encompassing 26,979 patients, examining pathogen-specific treatments.

Main Results:

  • Identified and compared diverse antibiotherapy regimens for common CF pathogens.
  • Highlighted the importance of pathogen-specific treatment approaches.
  • Synthesized information on treatment efficacy and comparative outcomes across studies.

Conclusions:

  • Preserving lung function is the paramount therapeutic goal in CF management.
  • Early, personalized interventions and infection prevention are crucial, despite challenges.
  • This review offers a foundation for evidence-based, tailored antibiotherapy in pediatric CF.

Keywords:
Burkholderia cepacian complexPseudomonas aeruginosaantibioticscystic fibrosispersonalized antibiotherapy

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