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Genomic Analyses of Non-Coding RNAs Overlapping Transposable Elements and Its Implication to Human Diseases
Eun Gyung Park1,2, Hongseok Ha3, Du Hyeong Lee1,2
1Department of Integrated Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|August 26, 2022
Summary
Transposable elements (TEs) generate many non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including miRNA-derived from transposable elements (MDTEs). These ncRNAs play roles in epigenetic regulation and are linked to diseases like cancer.
Area of Science:
- Genomics
- Molecular Biology
- Epigenetics
Background:
- The human genome is largely transcribed into non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), which regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally.
- Transposable elements (TEs) are significant contributors to ncRNA transcription and genome evolution.
- TE-derived ncRNAs, including miRNA-derived from transposable elements (MDTEs), are increasingly recognized for their biological functions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the origins of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs).
- To review the role of miRNA-derived from transposable elements (MDTEs) in disease progression.
Main Methods:
- Literature review and analysis of published studies.
- Examination of the genomic origin and functional roles of ncRNAs.
- Focus on transposable elements (TEs) as sources of ncRNAs.
Main Results:
- Transposable elements (TEs) contribute substantially to the repertoire of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs).
- miRNA-derived from transposable elements (MDTEs) are generated from TEs and possess regulatory functions.
- TEs influence genetic diversity and can act as regulatory genomic elements.
Conclusions:
- Transposable elements (TEs) are a major source of functional non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs).
- miRNA-derived from transposable elements (MDTEs) are implicated in the pathogenesis of various diseases, including cancer and infectious diseases.
- Further research into TE-derived ncRNAs could reveal novel therapeutic targets.
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