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The cytoskeletal architecture can be studied using different microscopic and biochemical techniques. Electron microscopy was instrumental in discovering the cytoskeletal architecture around the 1960s, which allowed obtaining structural information at a high-resolution level. However, the sample preparation procedure often limits this ability in biological samples. Several protocols have been developed over the years to optimize sample preparation. In one of the protocols known as rotary...
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Studying Chromatin Epigenetics with Fluorescence Microscopy.

Afanasii I Stepanov1, Zlata V Besedovskaia1, Maria A Moshareva2

  • 1Center of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Bolshoi Blvd. 30, Bld. 1, 121205 Moscow, Russia.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|August 26, 2022
PubMed
Summary

This review explores fluorescent probes for detecting histone modifications, offering a live-cell imaging alternative to ChIP-Seq. These probes provide spatial epigenetics insights for various biological processes.

Keywords:
epigeneticsfluorescent proteinsgenetically encoded probeshistone modification

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Epigenetics
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Histone modifications are crucial epigenetic marks regulating chromatin function and impacting fundamental biological processes like cell division, differentiation, aging, and cancer.
  • Current methods like ChIP-Seq offer genome-wide profiling but are costly and unsuitable for live-cell studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review fluorescent probes for detecting histone modifications.
  • To highlight live-cell imaging epigenetic sensors for fluorescence microscopy.
  • To discuss challenges and future directions in developing epigenetic fluorescent probes.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on fluorescent probes for histone modification detection.
  • Discussion of live-cell imaging epigenetic sensors.
  • Analysis of applications in conventional and super-resolution fluorescence microscopy.

Main Results:

  • Fluorescence microscopy offers a complementary approach to ChIP-Seq for epigenetics analysis.
  • Fluorescent probes enable live-cell imaging and provide spatial information at the single-cell level.
  • Various fluorescent probes and live-cell epigenetic sensors are available for different microscopy techniques.

Conclusions:

  • Fluorescent probes are valuable tools for studying epigenetics in live cells.
  • Further development of fluorescent probes is needed to overcome current limitations.
  • This approach holds promise for advancing our understanding of epigenome dynamics.