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Multivalvular Endocarditis: A Rare Condition with Poor Prognosis.
Sara Álvarez-Zaballos1, Victor González-Ramallo2, Eduard Quintana3
1Cardiology Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, 28027 Madrid, Spain.
Journal of Clinical Medicine
|August 26, 2022
Summary
Multivalvular infective endocarditis (MIE) affects 14.2% of patients and is linked to higher in-hospital mortality. Early diagnosis and treatment of infective endocarditis (IE) may prevent MIE progression.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Clinical Medicine
Background:
- Infective endocarditis (IE) is a serious cardiac condition.
- Multivalvular infective endocarditis (MIE) presents unique challenges.
- Understanding MIE's profile and prognosis is crucial for patient outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe the clinical profile of patients with MIE.
- To compare the prognosis of MIE patients with single-valve IE (SIE) patients.
- To identify factors associated with MIE outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of the Spanish IE Registry (2008–2020).
- Inclusion of 4064 definite cases of valvular IE.
- Comparison of MIE cases (n=577) with SIE cases.
Main Results:
- MIE accounted for 14.2% of valvular IE cases, predominantly involving mitral and aortic valves.
- MIE patients showed higher rates of intracardiac complications, heart failure, and surgical intervention.
- MIE was an independent predictor of in-hospital mortality (OR 1.3, p=0.004).
Conclusions:
- MIE, primarily affecting mitral-aortic valves, is associated with a significantly worse in-hospital prognosis.
- While MIE predicts in-hospital death, it's not an independent predictor of 1-year mortality.
- Prompt diagnosis and treatment of IE are vital to prevent progression to MIE.
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