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Group polarization is the strengthening of an original group attitude following the discussion of views within a group (Teger & Pruitt, 1967). That is, if a group initially favors a viewpoint, after discussion the group consensus is likely a stronger endorsement of the viewpoint. Conversely, if the group was initially opposed to a viewpoint, group discussion would likely lead to stronger opposition.
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Potential Due to a Polarized Object01:29

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A neutral atom consists of a positively charged nucleus surrounded by a negatively charged electron cloud. When placed in an external electric field, the external electric force pulls the electrons and nucleus apart, opposite to the intrinsic attraction between the nucleus and the electrons. The opposing forces balance each other with a slight shift between the center of masses of the nucleus and the electron cloud, resulting in a polarized atom. On the other hand, a few molecules, like water,...
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In polar coordinates, the motion of a particle follows a curvilinear path. The radial coordinate symbolized as 'r,' extends outward from a fixed origin to the particle, while the angular coordinate, 'θ,' measured in radians, represents the counterclockwise angle between a fixed reference line and the radial line connecting the origin to the particle.
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Insensitive Nuclei Enhanced by Polarization Transfer (INEPT) is an advanced Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) technique specifically designed to detect and enhance the signals of low-abundance nuclei, such as carbon-13 and nitrogen-15, in small molecules. The fundamental principle behind INEPT is the transfer of polarization from a more abundant and highly polarizable nucleus, typically hydrogen-1, to the low-abundance nucleus of interest. This process effectively boosts the NMR signal of the...
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The presence of a dielectric medium in a capacitor not only changes the voltage and capacitance but also affects the electric field. In general, dielectrics can be of two types: polar and nonpolar. In a polar dielectric, the positive and negative charges in the molecules are separated by a distance and hence have a permanent dipole moment. In contrast, no such charge separation exists in a nonpolar dielectric, however the nonpolar molecules get polarized in the presence of an external electric...
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Versatile Integrated Polarizers Based on Geometric Metasurfaces.

Zhiyuan Yue1, Jilian Xu1, Peiyao Lu1

  • 1Shandong Provincial Engineering and Technical Center of Light Manipulations & Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optics and Photonic Device, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China.

Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 26, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Integrated metasurface polarizers generate versatile polarization states, including linear, circular, and elliptical, with output controllable by illumination. These compact devices offer benefits for optical imaging and sensing applications.

Keywords:
metasurfacepolarizationvector beam

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Area of Science:

  • Optics and Photonics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Metasurfaces offer novel ways to control light polarization.
  • Existing polarizers may lack versatility or compactness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and analyze versatile integrated polarizers based on geometric metasurfaces.
  • To demonstrate the generation of multiple polarization states from a single device.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of an L-shaped hole array on a silver film.
  • Theoretical analysis and simulation of polarization state generation.
  • Investigation of output polarization control via illumination polarization.

Main Results:

  • The metasurface polarizer generates linear, circular, elliptical, and hybrid polarization states.
  • Output polarization states are controllable by the input illumination polarization.
  • Potential for generating complex polarization modes like vector beams.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed metasurface polarizers offer a compact and versatile solution for polarization control.
  • Controllable generation of diverse polarization states benefits applications in imaging, sensing, and material processing.