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Black-White Differences in the Reciprocal Relationship Between Perceived Discrimination and Psychological Distress.
1Department of Sociology, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio, USA.
The Sociological Quarterly
|August 26, 2022
Summary
Discrimination and psychological distress influence each other over time, particularly everyday discrimination. This reciprocal relationship is stronger among Black Americans compared to White Americans.
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Sociology
- Public Health
Background:
- Discrimination is a significant social stressor.
- Psychological distress is a common mental health concern.
- Understanding the interplay between discrimination and distress is crucial for public health.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine the reciprocal relationship between perceived discrimination and psychological distress over time.
- To investigate potential racial differences in this reciprocal relationship, specifically comparing Black and White Americans.
- To test hypotheses of reciprocity and stronger reciprocity among Black Americans.
Main Methods:
- Utilized longitudinal data from the MIDUS study.
- Employed a multi-population LISREL (Linear Structural Relations) model.
- Controlled for several potentially relevant variables in the analysis.
Main Results:
- Found support for a reciprocal relationship between perceived everyday discrimination and psychological distress.
- Confirmed that perceived discrimination and psychological distress positively influence each other over time.
- Observed that this reciprocity is stronger among Black Americans than White Americans.
Conclusions:
- Perceived everyday discrimination and psychological distress exhibit a bidirectional relationship across time.
- Racial disparities exist in the strength of this reciprocal relationship, with Black Americans experiencing a more pronounced effect.
- Findings highlight the need for interventions addressing both discrimination and mental health in diverse populations.
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