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Engineering Milk-Derived Exosome for Enhancing Cellular Astaxanthin Delivery.

Weina Cui1,2,3,4, Shanshan Tie1,2,3,4, Meng Guo1,2,3,4

  • 1Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China.

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|August 26, 2022
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A novel hyaluronic acid-modified milk exosome delivery system enhances astaxanthin

Keywords:
astaxanthindelivery systeminflammatory factorsmilk-derived exosomesstability

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Astaxanthin (AST), a potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory carotenoid, faces limitations in food applications due to poor biocompatibility and stability.
  • Developing effective delivery systems is crucial to harness astaxanthin's therapeutic potential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To engineer a targeted hyaluronic acid (HA)-modified milk exosome-based delivery system for astaxanthin.
  • To enhance astaxanthin's biocompatibility, stability, and targeted delivery to inflammatory cells.

Main Methods:

  • Hyaluronic acid (HA) was conjugated to milk exosomes via amide condensation.
  • Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed HA modification.
  • Fluorescence imaging assessed the targeting efficiency in RAW264.7 macrophages.
  • Cellular uptake, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and mitochondrial membrane potential were evaluated in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cellular model.
  • The expression of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6) was measured.

Main Results:

  • Successful HA modification of milk exosomes was confirmed by spectroscopic analysis.
  • The HA-modified exosomes demonstrated enhanced accumulation in RAW264.7 macrophages, targeting inflammatory cells.
  • The delivery system significantly improved cellular astaxanthin uptake compared to free astaxanthin.
  • It effectively reduced ROS overproduction and mitochondrial membrane potential depolarization.
  • The system notably inhibited the expression of key inflammatory factors like IL-1β and IL-6.

Conclusions:

  • The targeted HA-modified milk exosome system improves astaxanthin's delivery and efficacy.
  • This system prevents macrophage activation and reduces inflammatory mediator production.
  • It holds significant potential for preventing chronic inflammatory diseases.