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Atopic dermatitis and risk of major neuropsychiatric disorders in children: A population-based cohort study

Joy Wan1, Daniel B Shin2, Maha N Syed2

  • 1Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV
|August 26, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Paediatric atopic dermatitis (AD) showed no significant overall risk for most childhood neuropsychiatric conditions. However, AD severity and age may influence outcomes, warranting further research into this complex relationship.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Dermatology
  • Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Paediatric atopic dermatitis (AD) is associated with neuropsychiatric comorbidities like depression, anxiety, and ADHD.
  • Limited longitudinal data exist, and the impact of AD severity on these outcomes needs further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the risk of major neuropsychiatric conditions in children diagnosed with atopic dermatitis.

Main Methods:

  • A UK population-based cohort study analyzed health records of children under 18 with AD.
  • Patients with AD were matched to unaffected controls, with AD severity proxied by treatments.
  • Outcomes included incident anxiety, depression, ADHD, autism, OCD, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and suicidal behaviors.

Main Results:

  • No significant increased risk for anxiety, ADHD, autism, bipolar disorder, or suicidal ideation/attempt was found in children with AD.
  • Children with AD showed a decreased risk of depression and schizophrenia but an increased risk of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).
  • Significant variations in risk and effect magnitude were observed based on AD severity and patient age.

Conclusions:

  • Overall, paediatric atopic dermatitis does not substantially increase the risk for many neuropsychiatric conditions.
  • Disease severity and age are potential key factors modifying the relationship between AD and neuropsychiatric comorbidities.
  • Further research is essential to fully understand the intricate links between paediatric AD and neuropsychiatric conditions.
Abstract

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