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Forensic microbiology and bite marks: a systematic review.

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  • 1Departamento de Ciências da Saúde Pública e Forenses e Educação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.

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|August 26, 2022
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Analyzing oral microbiota in bite marks could aid forensic identification. The Streptococcus genus shows promise, but further research is needed to standardize methods for legal application.

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Area of Science:

  • Forensic microbiology
  • Oral microbiome analysis

Background:

  • Bite mark analysis is primarily morphology-based, with limited exploration of its microbiological forensic applications.
  • The potential of oral microbiota as complementary forensic evidence remains largely uninvestigated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review existing literature on the forensic utility of oral microbiota in bite mark analysis.
  • To determine if microbial analysis can serve as an adjunct to traditional forensic methods for bite mark identification.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature search was conducted on the PubMed database.
  • Predefined data fields and keywords were used to select relevant articles.
  • Six studies were included in the final analysis.

Main Results:

  • The Streptococcus genus was identified as a significant factor in bite mark microbiology for forensic purposes.
  • Genomic analysis of Streptococcus may assist in linking bite marks to individuals.
  • Current findings suggest potential but require further validation.

Conclusions:

  • Oral microbiota analysis, particularly of the Streptococcus genus, shows potential as a complementary forensic tool in bite mark analysis.
  • Significant research is required to optimize and standardize methodologies.
  • Factors such as bacterial genotype frequency and microbiome stability on skin must be addressed before practical application.