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Related Concept Videos

Immunodeficiency Diseases01:25

Immunodeficiency Diseases

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Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
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Development of Immunocompetence01:22

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The initiation of cell-mediated immunity can be observed as early as the third month of fetal growth, with active antibody-mediated immunity following approximately one month later.
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Subsequent T...
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Special Features of Adaptive Immunity01:20

Special Features of Adaptive Immunity

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The adaptive immune system, a crucial component of the overall immune response, offers a highly specialized defense against pathogens. It involves specific cell types and features, enabling it to combat infections effectively and efficiently.
The primary cell types involved in adaptive immunity are T cells and B cells. Each type has a unique role in defending the body against pathogens. T cells are responsible for cell-mediated immunity. They identify and eliminate infected cells directly,...
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Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity01:26

Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity

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An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and...
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-IV: Assessement and Diagnostic Studies01:27

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-IV: Assessement and Diagnostic Studies

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Assessing and diagnosing Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) involves a detailed approach that includes a comprehensive review of medical history, physical examination, and a variety of diagnostic tests. This thorough evaluation is essential to ensure an accurate diagnosis and guide effective management strategies.
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

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Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
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Updated: Aug 30, 2025

Development of an IFN-γ ELISpot Assay to Assess Varicella-Zoster Virus-specific Cell-mediated Immunity Following Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation
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"Common variable immunodeficiency: Challenges for diagnosis".

Laura A Wang1, Jordan K Abbott1

  • 1Children's Hospital of Colorado and University of Colorado, 13123 E 16(th) Ave, Aurora, CO, USA.

Journal of Immunological Methods
|August 26, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Diagnosing common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is challenging due to varied symptoms and criteria. New methods like B cell repertoire analysis and machine learning aid in earlier detection and better patient outcomes.

Keywords:
B cellCommon variable immunodeficiencyHypogammaglobulinemia

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) presents heterogeneously with B cell dysfunction, low immunoglobulins, and diverse clinical issues, including infections and autoimmune diseases.
  • Diagnostic challenges arise from varied patient presentations and lack of a universal consensus on diagnostic criteria.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current and emerging diagnostic approaches for CVID.
  • To highlight the potential of novel techniques for improving diagnostic accuracy and timeliness.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current laboratory evaluations for CVID, including serum immunoglobulin testing, immunophenotyping, vaccine response assessment, and genetic testing.
  • Exploration of emerging diagnostic techniques such as B cell repertoire analysis and machine learning algorithms.

Main Results:

  • Current diagnostic methods provide essential but sometimes insufficient information due to CVID's heterogeneity.
  • Emerging techniques show promise for more precise and earlier identification of CVID.

Conclusions:

  • Advances in understanding CVID, particularly through novel laboratory and computational methods, are crucial for earlier diagnosis.
  • Improved diagnostic strategies are expected to lead to timely interventions and enhanced patient prognosis.