A real-word experience of eltrombopag plus rabbit antithymocyte immunoglobulin-based IST in Chinese patients with

Yuanyuan Jin1, Ruixin Li1, Shengyun Lin2

  • 1Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.

Annals of Hematology
|August 26, 2022
PubMed

Eltrombopag (EPAG), a thrombopoietin receptor agonist, was approved for the treatment of severe aplastic anemia (SAA) combined with immunosuppressive therapy (IST). However, the effects of real-life use of low doses of EPAG combined with rabbit antithymocyte globulin (ATG)-based IST in Asian patients with SAA are yet unknown. A total of 121 previously untreated Chinese patients with SAA were enrolled in a multicenter registry of the Chinese Eastern Collaboration Group of Anemia (2014-2020): 67 patients received IST alone and 54 patients received additional EPAG. Patients receiving IST plus EPAG had a higher overall response rate (ORR) at 1 month (P = 0.002), 3 months (P = 0.028), 6 months (P = 0.006), and 12 months (P = 0.031) compared to those receiving IST alone. EPAG was the favorable factor for response efficacy at 6 months. The complete response rate in the EPAG plus IST group was 17% at 3 months, 27% at 6 months, and 32% at 12 months, compared to 7% (P = 0.069), 14% (P = 0.11), and 33% (P = 0.92) for those treated with IST alone. The 2-year overall survival rate in EPAG plus IST and IST alone groups was 98% and 88%, respectively (P = 0.078). The rate of adverse events, including clonal evolution, infection, and transaminitis, was similar in the two cohorts. The addition of EPAG to IST was well-tolerated and associated with high rates of hematologic responses among the previously untreated Chinese patients with SAA.

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