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Predicting Perceived Sport Performance via Self-Determination Theory.

João Lourenço1, Bartolomé J Almagro2, José Carmona-Márquez2

  • 1Escola Superior de Educação, 225198Instituto Politécnico de Beja, Beja, Portugal.

Perceptual and Motor Skills
|August 27, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Coaches who support athlete autonomy foster psychological needs, enhancing motivation. However, only the need for competence directly improved perceived sport performance in young athletes.

Keywords:
autonomy supportinterpersonal stylemotivationperformancepsychological needssport

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Area of Science:

  • Sport Psychology
  • Exercise Science
  • Motivation Theory

Background:

  • Psychological factors significantly influence athletic performance.
  • Self-determination theory posits that need satisfaction and autonomous motivation drive positive outcomes.
  • Understanding these relationships is crucial for optimizing athlete development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the predictive influence of autonomy support, psychological need satisfaction, and autonomous motivation on perceived sport performance.
  • To examine the mediating role of psychological needs and autonomous motivation in the relationship between autonomy support and performance.
  • To analyze these dynamics within a cohort of young Portuguese athletes.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study involving 447 young athletes (mean age 15.72 years).
  • Utilized validated questionnaires measuring perceived autonomy support, basic psychological needs satisfaction, autonomous motivation, and perceived performance.
  • Employed a gender-invariant structural equation model to analyze the proposed relationships.

Main Results:

  • Coach autonomy support significantly predicted the satisfaction of psychological needs (autonomy, competence, relatedness).
  • Satisfaction of these psychological needs positively predicted autonomous motivation.
  • Need for competence satisfaction directly and positively predicted perceived sport performance.
  • Autonomous motivation was not found to be a significant predictor of perceived sport performance in this sample.

Conclusions:

  • Autonomy support from coaches is vital for fostering psychological needs in young athletes.
  • While psychological needs and autonomous motivation are interconnected, only the need for competence appears to directly enhance perceived performance in this context.
  • Future research could explore other mediators or moderators influencing the link between autonomous motivation and performance.