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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 30, 2025

Isolation and Transcriptome Analysis of Plant Cell Types

Isolation and Transcriptome Analysis of Plant Cell Types

Published on: April 7, 2023

Cellular and gene expression patterns associated with root bifurcation in Selaginella.

Hans Motte^1,2, Tao Fang^1,2, Boris Parizot^1,2

¹Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium.

Plant Physiology

|August 27, 2022

Summary

Lycophyte root bifurcation involves a single initial cell dividing symmetrically to form two new stem cells, a process distinct from euphyllophyte lateral root branching. This study reveals conserved pathways for root stem cell maintenance.

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Area of Science:

Plant Biology
Developmental Biology
Evolutionary Botany

Background:

Lycophyte roots branch via dichotomy (bifurcation), differing from euphyllophyte lateral root (LR) development.
Root bifurcation is evolutionarily significant, potentially representing an ancient strategy for stem cell and meristem formation.
Understanding lycophyte root bifurcation offers insights into fundamental plant development and evolution.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the cellular and molecular mechanisms of root bifurcation in the lycophyte *Selaginella moellendorffii*.
To characterize the root meristem and branching process at microscopic and transcriptomic levels.
To identify core meristem genes involved in lycophyte root development.

Main Methods:

Established an in vitro developmental time frame for *Selaginella moellendorffii* root apex bifurcation.
Analyzed root meristem and branching stages using microscopy.
Generated and analyzed a *S. moellendorffii* root branching transcriptome.

Main Results:

Root meristem initial cells (ICs) in *S. moellendorffii* are irregularly shaped, not tetrahedral as previously assumed.
Root bifurcation initiates through symmetric division of a single IC into two apical stem cells.
A core set of meristem genes was identified, with putative orthologs suggesting conserved regulatory pathways.

Conclusions:

Root bifurcation in *Selaginella moellendorffii* involves a distinct mechanism of IC division.
The findings challenge previous assumptions about lycophyte root meristem structure.
Conserved pathways likely regulate stem cell establishment and maintenance in plant roots across different lineages.