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Left ventricular size and function in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus associate with lupus anticoagulant:

Katrine A Myhr1, Amanda H Zinglersen2, Marie-Louise F Hermansen2

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, Inge Lehmanns Vej 7, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Journal of Autoimmunity
|August 27, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Lupus anticoagulant (LAC) is linked to worsening diastolic function and progressive left ventricular enlargement in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This suggests LAC may predict cardiac dysfunction in SLE patients over time.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Rheumatology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease associated with a higher risk of cardiac dysfunction.
  • The underlying mechanisms of cardiac involvement in SLE are not fully understood, necessitating the identification of prognostic markers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify characteristics of SLE associated with cardiac size and function over a five-year follow-up period.
  • To investigate potential biomarkers for cardiac dysfunction in SLE patients.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 108 SLE patients underwent baseline and 5-year follow-up echocardiography and blood sampling.
  • Multivariate regression analyses were performed to assess associations between SLE-related variables (including lupus anticoagulant [LAC]) and echocardiographic parameters, adjusting for traditional risk factors.

Main Results:

  • Diastolic function declined in SLE patients during follow-up, with significant changes in E/A ratio and tricuspid regurgitation peak velocity.
  • Left ventricular end-diastolic volume index increased, indicating progressive cardiac dilation.
  • Lupus anticoagulant (LAC) was significantly associated with impaired diastolic function and left ventricular dilation over the 5-year period.

Conclusions:

  • The presence of LAC is associated with diastolic dysfunction and progressive left ventricular dilation in SLE patients.
  • Lupus anticoagulant (LAC) may serve as a predictor of cardiac dysfunction in individuals with systemic lupus erythematosus.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the clinical significance of these findings regarding microvascular circulation and cardiac outcomes.
Abstract

Keywords:
Diastolic dysfunctionEchocardiographyLupus anticoagulantPathophysiologySystemic lupus erythematosus

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