Multiple sclerosis relapse after COVID-19 vaccination: A case report-based systematic review.

Area of Science:

• Neurology
• Immunology
• Vaccinology

Background:

• Growing concerns exist regarding COVID-19 vaccination's impact on multiple sclerosis (MS) patients.
• Reports of MS relapses post-vaccination necessitate a detailed safety investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review case reports and series on MS relapses following COVID-19 vaccination.
• To investigate the detailed characteristics and frequency of MS relapses post-COVID-19 vaccination.

Main Methods:

• Systematic literature search of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases conducted in February 2022.
• Inclusion criteria: Case reports and case series detailing MS relapses after COVID-19 vaccination.

Main Results:

• Seven studies comprising 29 MS cases were included.
• Mean time from vaccination to relapse was 9.48 ± 7.29 days.
• Most relapses occurred after the first vaccine dose (22 cases); common symptoms included sensory deficits and weakness.

Conclusions:

• COVID-19 vaccination may precipitate relapses in some MS patients.
• The benefits of vaccination in MS patients outweigh the potential risks, considering infection can also trigger relapses.
• Continued and encouraged mass vaccination against COVID-19 is vital for MS patients.