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Related Concept Videos

Endocarditis I: Introduction01:25

Endocarditis I: Introduction

23
Introduction:Endocarditis is the infection of the endocardium, the inner lining of the heart and its valves. When the heart muscle is involved, the condition is termed myocarditis, while an infection of the outer lining is called pericarditis. Infective endocarditis (IE) primarily affects the endocardium, where pathogens adhere to the valves or lining, forming vegetation that can lead to severe complications. Infective endocarditis occurs when microorganisms, usually bacteria from other body...
23
Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis01:25

Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis

23
Endocarditis can present various clinical features depending on the causative organism and the patient's underlying health conditions. Initially, the clinical features of infective endocarditis develop gradually, presenting with nonspecific symptoms that can be easily mistaken for other illnesses.General SymptomsEarly symptoms of infective endocarditis are fever, chills, weakness, malaise, fatigue, and weight loss. These symptoms reflect the systemic nature of the infection and the body's...
23
Endocarditis III: Medical Management01:18

Endocarditis III: Medical Management

13
Infective endocarditis management involves a multifaceted approach encompassing infection prevention, lifestyle modifications, pharmacological therapy, and surgical management.Infection Prevention:Hand Hygiene: Thorough handwashing is crucial to prevent the spread of infection. Hand hygiene should be performed regularly, especially before and after using the restroom.Oral Hygiene: Good oral hygiene is essential. It includes brushing teeth immediately after waking up and before bed, flossing...
13
Endocarditis IV: Nursing Management01:29

Endocarditis IV: Nursing Management

23
Infective endocarditis (IE) is a chronic infection of the heart's endocardium, primarily affecting the heart valves. A detailed nursing assessment for a patient with IE involves collecting subjective and objective data to ensure an accurate diagnosis and timely intervention.Subjective DataThe nurse gathers information about the patient's symptoms and complaints during the subjective assessment. Patients with infective endocarditis often report non-specific symptoms that can mimic other...
23
Myocarditis I: Introduction01:21

Myocarditis I: Introduction

23
Myocarditis is inflammation of the myocardium, which is the muscular layer of the heart.EtiologyMyocarditis has a diverse etiology, including a wide range of infectious and non-infectious causes:Infectious CausesViral: Common viruses include Coxsackie A and B, adenovirus, parvovirus B19, enteroviruses, and influenza A.Bacterial: Examples include infections caused by Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, and Mycoplasma species.Rickettsial: Infections like Rocky Mountain spotted fever can result in...
23
Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:27

Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

19
Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle. The symptoms vary widely, encompassing asymptomatic presentations to severe, acute manifestations.Clinical PresentationAsymptomatic cases: In some instances, myocarditis may be asymptomatic, with the infection resolving without intervention. These cases often go undetected unless discovered incidentally through diagnostic imaging or tests conducted for other reasons.General Early Symptoms: Early symptoms of myocarditis are non-specific and can...
19

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 30, 2025

Isolation and Characterization of Cardiac Mesenchymal Stromal Cells from Endomyocardial Bioptic Samples of Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy Patients
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Gemella endocarditis.

Hussein Rabah1, Khalil El Gharib1, Marc Assaad1

  • 1Department of Medicine, Staten Island University Hospital, Staten Island, NY 10305, USA.

Idcases
|August 29, 2022
PubMed
Summary

A two-month fever led to diagnosing infective endocarditis caused by Gemella haemolysans after a dental procedure. This uncommon case highlights the need for vigilance in diagnosing endocarditis, even without typical risk factors.

Keywords:
Antibiotic therapyBlood cultureEchocardiogramInfective endocarditisMitral valveValvular disease

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Infective endocarditis (IE) is a serious infection of the heart valves, often caused by common bacteria.
  • Gemella haemolysans is a rare causative agent of infective endocarditis, particularly in patients without significant comorbidities.
  • Dental procedures are a known potential source for bloodstream infections that can lead to IE.

Observation:

  • A patient presented with a two-month history of fever.
  • The patient had recently undergone a dental procedure.
  • No significant comorbidities or predisposing risk factors for endocarditis were identified in the patient.

Findings:

  • Infective endocarditis was diagnosed, caused by the uncommon bacterium Gemella haemolysans.
  • Severe mitral valve regurgitation was concurrently identified in the patient.
  • The dental procedure was considered the likely precipitating event.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the importance of considering Gemella haemolysans in the differential diagnosis of infective endocarditis, especially following dental procedures.
  • Early diagnosis and appropriate antibiotic treatment are crucial for managing IE, even in atypical presentations.
  • Mitral valve replacement may be necessary for patients with severe valvular dysfunction secondary to infective endocarditis.