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Axillary nodal metastasis and resection margins as predictors of Loco Regional Recurrence in Breast Cancer Patients
O O Ayandipo1, O J Adepoju2, G O Ogun3
1Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan/University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Background:
Surgical resection margins (RM), axillary nodal involvement and lymph node ratio (LNR) determine loco-regional control (LRC) in breast cancer management. Late presentation precludes breast conservation therefore surgical option is usually mastectomy and adjuvant chemoradiation minimize loco-regional recurrence (LRR).
Objective:
We investigated the prognostic role of lymph nodes positive for malignancy (pN), LNR and RM on LRR of breast cancer in a tertiary hospital in Ibadan, Nigeria.
Methods:
Longitudinal cohort study of 225 females with breast carcinoma managed and followed up for 5-years with end point of LRR or not. Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were used to evaluate the interaction of resection margin and proportion of metastatic lymph nodes with LRR. The receiver-operator curve was plotted to determine the proportion of metastatic lymph nodes which predicted LRR.
Results:
Ninety-nine percent had modified radical mastectomy and 163 (72.4%) had negative resection margins. A mean of 11 axillary lymph nodes were harvested at surgery. The age, positive resection margin and number of harvested nodes with malignant cells are associated with LRR. The overall 5-year LRR rate was 16%.
Conclusion:
LRR is dependent on lymph node involvement as well as and tumor aggressiveness.
