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Hearing Loss and Hypertension: A Literature Review

Abishek Umashankar1, Prashanth Prabhu1

  • 1Department of Audiology All India Institute of Speech and Hearing Mysuru, Naimisham Campus, Road No.3 TK Layout, Manasagangotri, Mysuru, 570006 Karnataka India.

Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery : Official Publication of the Association of Otolaryngologists of India
|August 29, 2022
PubMed

Insights

High blood pressure (hypertension) may lead to hearing loss. This systematic review found that cochlear microcirculation changes due to hypertension can cause tissue hypoxia, resulting in hearing impairment.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Otolaryngology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Hypertension, defined as blood pressure >140/90 mmHg, is a prevalent condition.
  • Emerging evidence suggests a link between hypertension and hearing loss.
  • Understanding this association is crucial for preventative healthcare strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and synthesize existing literature on the association between hypertension and hearing loss.
  • To identify the mechanisms underlying hypertension-induced hearing impairment.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive systematic review was conducted across multiple databases (PubMed Central, Google Scholar, EBSCO, Web of Science, etc.).
  • Original articles published from 2016 onwards, employing cross-sectional, retrospective, or longitudinal designs, were included.
  • Case reports and letters to the editor were excluded.

Main Results:

  • Out of 11,977 initially identified articles, ten studies met the inclusion criteria.
  • These studies consistently indicated a potential association between hypertension and hearing loss.
  • The primary proposed mechanism involves cochlear microcirculation changes leading to tissue hypoxia.

Conclusions:

  • Hypertension is associated with an increased risk of hearing loss.
  • Impaired cochlear microcirculation and subsequent tissue hypoxia are key pathophysiological links.
  • Further research may elucidate targeted interventions for hypertension-related hearing impairment.

Keywords:
Blood supplyHearing lossHypertensionSystematic review

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