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Whole-Brain Resting-State Functional Connectivity Patterns Associated With Pediatric Anxiety and Involuntary

Michael T Perino1, Michael J Myers1, Muriah D Wheelock1

  • 1School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri.

Biological Psychiatry Global Open Science
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pediatric anxiety is linked to altered brain network connectivity, particularly involving the cingulo-opercular network. These changes in functional connectivity are also associated with attention difficulties in children.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Pediatric anxiety disorders are associated with disruptions in functional brain networks and spatial attention.
  • Previous research suggests altered connectivity in networks like the frontoparietal, default mode, cingulo-opercular, and ventral attention networks in pediatric anxiety.
  • This study investigates the relationship between anxiety symptoms, attention, and resting-state functional connectivity (rs-fc) in children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine how resting-state functional connectivity (rs-fc) alterations relate to anxiety symptoms in children.
  • To investigate the association between rs-fc alterations and stimulus-driven attention deficits in pediatric anxiety.
  • To test the hypothesis that anxiety-related connectivity changes, especially within the ventral attention network, correlate with attention deviations.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized network-level analyses on resting-state functional connectivity (rs-fc) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data.
  • Examined a sample of 61 children, including those meeting criteria for anxiety disorders.
  • Assessed whole-brain rs-fc patterns in relation to clinician-rated anxiety and involuntary attention capture, controlling for comorbidities.

Main Results:

  • Elevated anxiety in children correlated with altered connectivity within the cingulo-opercular network.
  • Aberrant connectivity was also observed between the cingulo-opercular network and the ventral attention, default mode, and visual networks.
  • Connectivity between the ventral attention and cingulo-opercular networks was significantly associated with variations in both anxiety levels and stimulus-driven attention.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric anxiety is characterized by aberrant connectivity patterns across multiple brain networks, prominently involving the cingulo-opercular network.
  • These findings elucidate the complex within- and between-network interactions underlying pediatric anxiety and attention deficits.
  • Specific network connections identified in this study may represent potential therapeutic targets for improving anxiety-related processing.