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Related Concept Videos

Magnetic Resonance Imaging01:24

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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique based on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930s, in which matter exposed to magnetic fields and radio waves was found to emit radio signals. In 1970, a physician and researcher named Raymond Damadian noticed that malignant (cancerous) tissue gave off different signals than normal body tissue. He applied for a patent for the first MRI scanning device in clinical use by the early 1980s. The early MRI...
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Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Analysis of Neurodegenerative Diseases
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Advanced diffusion MRI and image texture analysis detect widespread brain structural differences between

Olayinka Oladosu1,2, Wei-Qiao Liu2,3, Lenora Brown2,3

  • 1Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Graduate Studies, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
|August 29, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Advanced MRI techniques reveal distinct brain structural changes between relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS). These findings offer new insights into multiple sclerosis (MS) disease progression.

Keywords:
along-tract statisticschronic active lesionsdiffusion tensor imagingmultiple sclerosisphase congruencysingle-shell high angular resolution diffusion imaging

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Radiology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) causes significant brain structural changes, but the precise patterns of alteration between its relapsing-remitting (RRMS) and secondary progressive (SPMS) forms remain unclear.
  • Understanding these spatial and local differences is crucial for elucidating MS disease development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the local and spatial differences in brain structure between RRMS and SPMS using advanced diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) and image texture analysis.
  • To identify specific imaging biomarkers that differentiate between RRMS and SPMS.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized 3T anatomical and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) from 29 patients (20 RRMS, 9 SPMS).
  • Applied harmonized and augmented DTI modeling to generate six voxel- and sub-voxel-scale measures.
  • Performed texture analysis on T2 and FLAIR MRI, yielding phase congruency and weighted mean phase measures.
  • Conducted histogram analysis, region of interest (ROI) analysis in normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) and lesions, and along-tract statistics.
  • Developed a novel method using z-scores to define and quantify chronic active lesions.

Main Results:

  • Histogram features from diffusion and texture analyses differentiated between RRMS and SPMS.
  • Within-tract ROI analysis revealed cohort differences in NAWM and lesions within the corpus callosum, particularly in measures of neurite orientation and anisotropy.
  • Along-tract statistics showed significant increases in lesion extent in SPMS within the posterior corpus callosum and optic radiations.
  • SPMS exhibited a significantly higher number of chronic active lesions compared to RRMS, identified by diffusion anisotropy, neurite content, and diameter.

Conclusions:

  • Advanced dMRI and texture analysis are promising tools for comprehensively understanding brain structural changes from RRMS to SPMS.
  • These advanced imaging techniques provide novel insights into the mechanisms of MS disease progression.