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Simulated Lunar Surface Hydration Measurements Using Multispectral Lidar at 3 µm.

D R Cremons1, C I Honniball2

  • 1NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt MD USA.

Earth and Space Science (Hoboken, N.J.)
|August 29, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Accurate measurement of lunar surface hydration is key to understanding water cycles. A multispectral lidar system shows promise for precise measurements, aiding in the study of water generation and destruction mechanisms.

Keywords:
MoonMultspectralinfraredlidarspectroscopywater

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Area of Science:

  • Planetary Science
  • Spectroscopy
  • Geochemistry

Background:

  • Lunar hydration (H2O + OH) signatures at 3 μm are vital for understanding water cycles.
  • Thermal emission complicates accurate measurement of these hydration features.
  • Orbital remote sensing is needed for global coverage and varied conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the performance of a multispectral lidar for measuring lunar surface hydration.
  • To evaluate the lidar's ability to overcome thermal emission interference.
  • To determine the feasibility of using lidar for studying water generation and destruction mechanisms.

Main Methods:

  • Simulated measurements using a four-wavelength multispectral lidar system.
  • Utilized spectral mixtures of hydrated mid-ocean-ridge basalt (MORB) glasses and lunar regolith.
  • Assessed lidar performance across various latitudes, times of day, and compositions.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated a feasible multispectral lidar system with wavelengths at 1.5, 2.65, 2.8, and 3.1 μm.
  • Achieved a measurement precision of 52 ppm (1σ) or better for lunar hydration.
  • Confirmed lidar's capability for uniform, zero-phase geometry measurements.

Conclusions:

  • Multispectral lidar is a valuable technique for precise lunar hydration measurement.
  • This method can overcome thermal emission challenges in spectroscopic analysis.
  • Lidar data will elucidate OH/H2O generation, migration, and destruction mechanisms on the Moon.