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A Novel Approach for the Administration of Medications and Fluids in Emergency Scenarios and Settings
Published on: November 9, 2016
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Demystifying hyponatremia: A clinical guide to evaluation and management
Bhavna Bhasin-Chhabra1, Vineet Veitla2,3, Samuel Weinberg4
1Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA.
Summary
Hyponatremia, a common condition in hospitalized patients, is linked to higher mortality. Accurate diagnosis and management depend on clinical assessment, lab tests, and understanding the underlying causes.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Internal Medicine
- Clinical Chemistry
Background:
- Hyponatremia (serum sodium <135 mEq/L) is a prevalent electrolyte disorder in hospitalized individuals.
- This condition is associated with an elevated risk of mortality.
- Hyponatremia can manifest in patients with normal (euvolemia), low (hypovolemia), or high (hypervolemia) fluid volume status.
Purpose of the Study:
- To outline the diagnostic approach to hyponatremia.
- To emphasize the importance of understanding the pathophysiology for effective management.
Main Methods:
- Clinical assessment and laboratory evaluation, including serum sodium, urine electrolytes, and osmolality.
- Utilizing point-of-care ultrasonography as an adjunct for volume status assessment.
Main Results:
- Evaluation requires a comprehensive approach integrating clinical and laboratory data.
- Point-of-care ultrasonography aids in determining volume status.
Conclusions:
- A thorough understanding of hyponatremia's pathophysiology is crucial for timely diagnosis.
- Appropriate management strategies can be implemented once the underlying cause is identified.
Keywords:
antidiuretic hormonehyponatremiapoint of care ultrasoundpseudohyponatremiasodiumvasopressinMore Related Videos
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