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Lipoprotein(a) during COVID-19 hospitalization: Thrombosis, inflammation, and mortality

Morten Kaltoft1, Kathrine Sofia Glavind1, Sune Fallgaard Nielsen2

  • 1Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.

Atherosclerosis
|August 29, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Elevated lipoprotein(a) correlated with increased thrombotic activity in COVID-19 patients but not with hospital death or discharge rates. This finding is crucial for understanding COVID-19 severity and patient outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Clinical Biochemistry

Background:

  • High lipoprotein(a) levels are implicated in adverse COVID-19 outcomes due to their prothrombotic and proinflammatory effects.
  • Understanding the relationship between lipoprotein(a) and COVID-19 severity is critical for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between lipoprotein(a) levels and thrombotic activity and inflammation during COVID-19 hospitalization.
  • To determine if lipoprotein(a) levels correlate with the rate of hospital death or discharge in COVID-19 patients.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 211 patients hospitalized with COVID-19 (pre-vaccination era) was studied.
  • Thrombotic activity was assessed using D-dimer levels; inflammation was measured by interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, and procalcitonin.
  • Patients were followed for in-hospital death or discharge outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Elevated D-dimer (thrombotic activity) was associated with higher lipoprotein(a) levels.
  • Elevated inflammatory markers (interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, procalcitonin) were associated with lower lipoprotein(a) levels.
  • Lipoprotein(a) levels did not show a significant association with the rate of hospital death or discharge.

Conclusions:

  • In COVID-19 patients, lipoprotein(a) levels show a complex relationship with thrombotic and inflammatory markers.
  • Despite associations with thrombotic activity, elevated lipoprotein(a) was not found to be a predictor of mortality or discharge rates in this cohort.
Abstract

Keywords:
C-Reactive ProteinCRPCoronavirus disease 2019D-dimerProcalcitoninSARS-CoV-2Survival

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