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LncRNA-miRNA axis in tumor progression and therapy response: An emphasis on molecular interactions and therapeutic

Maliheh Entezari1, Afshin Taheriazam2, Sima Orouei3

  • 1Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran.

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & Pharmacotherapie
|August 29, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) form an axis regulating cancer. This lncRNA-miRNA axis impacts tumor growth, metastasis, and therapy resistance, offering diagnostic and prognostic potential.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Epigenetic factors are crucial in biological processes and disease, particularly cancer.
  • Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) function as epigenetic regulators in cancer initiation and progression.
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key downstream targets of lncRNAs, forming critical regulatory axes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of the lncRNA-miRNA axis in cancer malignancy.
  • To explore the implications of the lncRNA-miRNA axis in tumor therapy resistance.
  • To highlight the diagnostic and prognostic potential of the lncRNA-miRNA axis in cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on lncRNA-miRNA interactions in cancer.
  • Analysis of lncRNA-miRNA roles in cancer cell death (apoptosis, autophagy).
  • Investigation of lncRNA-miRNA influence on tumor metastasis (EMT, MMPs) and therapy sensitivity.

Main Results:

  • The lncRNA-miRNA axis regulates apoptosis, autophagy, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs).
  • This axis influences sensitivity to chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy.
  • lncRNAs can be modulated by therapeutic interventions, affecting downstream miRNAs and cancer progression.
  • The lncRNA-miRNA axis interacts with signaling pathways like PI3K/Akt, STAT3, and Wnt/β-catenin.

Conclusions:

  • The lncRNA-miRNA axis is a significant regulator of cancer development, metastasis, and therapy resistance.
  • Dysregulation of the lncRNA-miRNA axis contributes to various hallmarks of cancer.
  • The lncRNA-miRNA axis holds promise as a biomarker for cancer diagnosis and prognosis.
Keywords:
Cancer therapyChemoresistanceGene therapyLncRNAsMicroRNAsNon-coding RNAs

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