Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Forces Acting on Chromosomes02:11

Forces Acting on Chromosomes

3.4K
During mitosis, chromosome movements occur through the interplay of multiple piconewton level forces. In prometaphase, these forces help in chromosome assembly or congression at the equatorial plane, eventually leading to their alignment at the metaphase plate. The forces acting on the chromosomes are space and time-dependent; therefore, they vary with the position of the chromosomes as the cell progresses through mitosis. 
Microtubules and motor proteins exert two types of forces on...
3.4K
Condensins02:15

Condensins

3.6K
Condensins are large protein complexes that use ATP to fuel the assembly of chromosomes during mitosis. They transform the tangled, shapeless mass of post-interphase DNA into individualized chromosomes by compacting, organizing, and segregating chromosomal DNA.
The plant and animal cells contain two types of condensin complexes—condensin I and condensin II. Both complexes have five subunits: two SMC (Structural Maintenance of Chromosomes) subunits, a kleisin subunit, and two HEAT-repeat...
3.6K
Oogenesis02:07

Oogenesis

64.0K
In human women, oogenesis produces one mature egg cell or ovum for every precursor cell that enters meiosis. This process differs in two unique ways from the equivalent procedure of spermatogenesis in males. First, meiotic divisions during oogenesis are asymmetric, meaning that a large oocyte (containing most of the cytoplasm) and minor polar body are produced as a result of meiosis I, and again following meiosis II. Since only oocytes will go on to form embryos if fertilized, this unequal...
64.0K
Fertilization01:38

Fertilization

71.8K
During fertilization, an egg and sperm cell fuse to create a new diploid structure. In humans, the process occurs once the egg has been released from the ovary, and travels into the fallopian tubes. The process requires several key steps: 1) sperm present in the genital tract must locate the egg; 2) once there, sperm need to release enzymes to help them burrow through the protective zona pellucida of the egg; and 3) the membranes of a single sperm cell and egg must fuse, with the sperm...
71.8K
Meiosis vs. Mitosis02:57

Meiosis vs. Mitosis

57.7K
Cell division is necessary for growth and reproduction in organisms. Mitosis aids cell growth and development by dividing somatic cells. In contrast, meiosis causes the division of germ cells and plays an essential role in sexual reproduction. Due to their unique functional requirements, mitosis and meiosis differ from each other in multiple aspects.
Before the start of mitosis and meiosis I, the cell synthesizes DNA, resulting in two homologous copies of each chromosome. DNA synthesis is...
57.7K
Disassembly of Intermediate Filaments01:35

Disassembly of Intermediate Filaments

2.1K
Intermediate filaments (IFs) do not undergo spontaneous disassembly. Enzymes, kinases, and phosphatases add and remove phosphates from specific sites to regulate their disassembly. The IF concentration in the cytoplasm also regulates the disassembly. If the concentration crosses a threshold, it activates the protein kinases in the vicinity, allowing the phosphorylation of IFs.
Keratin proteins, found at the cell periphery near cell junctions, undergo a cycle of assembly and disassembly. In Type...
2.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Cell competition overcomes host tissue resistance to unleash tumor growth in a <i>Drosophila</i> brain cancer model.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same author

From Cytoskeletal Remodeling to Oocyte Quality: The Emerging Role of Mechanics.

Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)·2026
Same author

Fibronectin matrix remodelling modulates the active nematic dynamics of cancer-associated fibroblasts.

Nature materials·2026
Same author

Adhesion-controlled mechanics of the glial niche regulate neural stem cell proliferative potential.

Developmental cell·2026
Same author

Stochastic Pairwise Forces Enhance Tracer Diffusion in Nonmotile Active Matter.

Physical review letters·2026
Same author

EpiCure (Epithelial Curation): a versatile and handy tool for curation of epithelial segmentation.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 30, 2025

Author Spotlight: Elucidating the Dynamics of Mechano-Transduction and Nuclear Agitation in Mouse Oocytes
05:43

Author Spotlight: Elucidating the Dynamics of Mechano-Transduction and Nuclear Agitation in Mouse Oocytes

Published on: January 12, 2024

867

Cytoplasmic forces functionally reorganize nuclear condensates in oocytes.

Adel Al Jord1, Gaëlle Letort2, Soline Chanet2

  • 1Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology, Collège de France, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, Paris, France. adel.aljord@college-de-france.fr.

Nature Communications
|August 29, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Cytoplasmic forces reorganize nuclear condensates in oocytes, impacting mRNA processing and cell division. This mechanism, conserved across species, regulates nuclear organization and has implications for diseases.

More Related Videos

Multi-Photon Laser Ablation of Cytoplasmic Microtubule Organizing Centers in Mouse Oocytes
08:24

Multi-Photon Laser Ablation of Cytoplasmic Microtubule Organizing Centers in Mouse Oocytes

Published on: November 11, 2022

1.7K
Nuclear Migration in the Drosophila Oocyte
04:17

Nuclear Migration in the Drosophila Oocyte

Published on: May 13, 2021

4.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 30, 2025

Author Spotlight: Elucidating the Dynamics of Mechano-Transduction and Nuclear Agitation in Mouse Oocytes
05:43

Author Spotlight: Elucidating the Dynamics of Mechano-Transduction and Nuclear Agitation in Mouse Oocytes

Published on: January 12, 2024

867
Multi-Photon Laser Ablation of Cytoplasmic Microtubule Organizing Centers in Mouse Oocytes
08:24

Multi-Photon Laser Ablation of Cytoplasmic Microtubule Organizing Centers in Mouse Oocytes

Published on: November 11, 2022

1.7K
Nuclear Migration in the Drosophila Oocyte
04:17

Nuclear Migration in the Drosophila Oocyte

Published on: May 13, 2021

4.1K

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Biophysics
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Cells utilize cytoskeletal motors to generate forces that remodel the cytoplasm.
  • Cytoplasmic forces can displace organelles, including the nucleus, but their effect on nuclear condensates is unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of cytoplasmic forces on nuclear condensates in oocytes.
  • To understand how these forces influence nuclear condensate reorganization and function.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental probing of nuclear condensates in mammalian oocytes.
  • Computational modeling to analyze force transmission and condensate dynamics.
  • Investigating evolutionary conservation in insect models.

Main Results:

  • Cytoplasmic forces drive multiscale reorganization of nuclear condensates (speckles, Cajal bodies, nucleoli) in oocytes.
  • Forces accelerate condensate collision-coalescence and internal molecular kinetics.
  • Disruption of forces impairs condensate reorganization, mRNA processing, and oocyte division.

Conclusions:

  • Cytoplasmic forces are essential for timely nuclear condensate reorganization during oocyte development.
  • This force-based mechanism is conserved across species and regulates diverse nuclear condensates.
  • Findings offer new insights into condensate-associated pathologies and cellular regulation.