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Updated: Aug 30, 2025

Lateral Root Inducible System in Arabidopsis and Maize

Lateral Root Inducible System in Arabidopsis and Maize

Published on: January 14, 2016

AGO104 is a RdDM effector of paramutation at the maize b1 locus.

Juliette Aubert¹, Fanny Bellegarde¹, Omar Oltehua-Lopez²

¹DIADE, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, IRD, Montpellier, France.

|August 30, 2022

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers identified ARGONAUTE (AGO) protein AGO104 as a key player in maize paramutation. This protein guides small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) to DNA targets, influencing gene expression and epigenetic inheritance.

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Area of Science:

Epigenetics
Plant Molecular Biology
Genetics

Background:

Paramutation in maize, a phenomenon of trans-allelic gene regulation, is linked to the RNA-directed DNA-methylation (RdDM) pathway.
Components of the RdDM pathway, including small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs, are known to be involved in paramutation.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify novel effectors of the RdDM pathway involved in paramutation.
To elucidate the role of ARGONAUTE (AGO) proteins in guiding siRNAs for de novo DNA methylation during paramutation.

Main Methods:

Immunoprecipitation to isolate protein-RNA complexes.
Small RNA sequencing to identify and quantify siRNAs.
Reverse genetics to study the effects of mutations on paramutation phenotypes.

Main Results:

AGO104 was validated as a component of the RdDM effector complex.
AGO104 was shown to bind 24-nucleotide siRNAs essential for RdDM and paramutation at the b1 locus.
The ago104-5 mutation resulted in a partial reversion of the paramutation phenotype, indicated by intermediate stem pigmentation.

Conclusions:

AGO104 is a novel effector in the maize RdDM pathway.
AGO104 plays a crucial role in mediating paramutation at the b1 locus by guiding siRNAs to DNA targets.
These findings advance the understanding of epigenetic mechanisms controlling gene expression in plants.