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The correlation between the body shape and otolithic function in patients with obstructive sleep apnea.

Xin-Da Xu1, Na Gao1, Jing Yu1

  • 1ENT Institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine Research (Fudan University), Shanghai, 200031, China.

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|August 30, 2022
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Summary

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) alters vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs), affecting otolithic organ function. VEMP latency correlates with body measurements and OSA severity, aiding in screening.

Keywords:
Body shapeCervical vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (cVEMP)ObesityObstructive sleep apneaOcular vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (oVEMP)

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Otolaryngology
  • Sleep Medicine

Background:

  • Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a prevalent condition associated with various systemic health issues.
  • Vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs) assess otolithic organ and vestibular nerve function.
  • The impact of OSA on VEMP characteristics and anthropometric correlations remains incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize VEMP changes in patients with OSA.
  • To investigate the relationship between VEMP parameters and anthropometric factors in OSA.
  • To evaluate the potential of VEMPs in OSA screening.

Main Methods:

  • Patients diagnosed with OSA via polysomnography (PSG) and healthy controls were recruited.
  • Anthropometric data (weight, BMI, neck/waist/hip circumference) were collected.
  • Ocular VEMPs (oVEMPs) and cervical VEMPs (cVEMPs) were recorded, with correlation analyses performed.

Main Results:

  • OSA patients exhibited altered oVEMP and cVEMP responses, including reduced rates, higher thresholds, lower amplitudes, and prolonged n1 latencies.
  • oVEMP n1 latency showed significant correlations with weight, BMI, neck, waist, and hip circumference, and the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI).
  • Combining BMI and oVEMP n1 latency improved OSA detection rates in pre-PSG screening.

Conclusions:

  • OSA adversely affects otolithic organ function and associated neural pathways.
  • VEMP n1 latency may serve as a valuable biomarker for peripheral nervous system dysfunction in systemic diseases like OSA.
  • VEMP analysis, particularly oVEMP n1 latency, shows promise for enhancing OSA screening protocols.