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General Auditory and Speech-Specific Contributions to Cortical Envelope Tracking Revealed Using Auditory Chimeras.

Kevin D Prinsloo1, Edmund C Lalor2

  • 1Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Neuroscience, and Del Monte Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627.

The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience
|August 30, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Cortical activity tracks speech envelopes, but this tracking is mainly acoustic. However, some tracking reflects speech-specific processing, especially when speech is intelligible. This research clarifies how the brain processes speech sounds.

Keywords:
auditory processingenvelope trackinglanguagephonetic featuresspeech decodingspeech intelligibility

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Auditory Perception
  • Speech Processing

Background:

  • Low-frequency cortical activity tracks the amplitude envelope of natural speech.
  • The extent to which this tracking reflects speech-specific processing versus general acoustic processing is unclear.
  • Understanding this distinction is crucial for interpreting speech tracking measures in hearing and language research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To disentangle acoustic and speech-specific contributions to cortical envelope tracking.
  • To investigate how intelligibility influences the tracking of perceived speech.
  • To isolate speech-specific contributions using advanced modeling techniques.

Main Methods:

  • Recorded electroencephalography (EEG) while subjects listened to auditory chimeras (mixed speech stimuli).
  • Manipulated stimuli to control which speech component was recognized.
  • Utilized forward encoding models to analyze phonetic feature processing.

Main Results:

  • Envelope tracking was strongest for the acoustic envelope, indicating a dominant acoustic contribution.
  • A positive correlation between speech intelligibility and tracking of the perceived speech was observed.
  • Phonetic feature processing indices reliably tracked with intelligibility, supporting speech-specific contributions.

Conclusions:

  • Cortical tracking of speech envelopes is primarily driven by acoustic processing.
  • Speech-specific processing also contributes to envelope tracking, particularly for intelligible speech.
  • Findings refine theories of cortical speech processing and the application of speech tracking measures.