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Infective Endocarditis as a Cause of Critical Illness, In-hospital Mortality, and Complications

Roqia D Ayad1, Ashraf W Andraos2, Khaled Ae Taema2

  • 1Department of Critical Care Unit, Damietta Specialized Hospital, Damietta, Egypt.

Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine : Peer-Reviewed, Official Publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine
|August 31, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Infective endocarditis (IE) is a critical illness with high mortality. Septic shock, neurological issues, non-performed surgery, and heart failure increase mortality risk in IE patients.

Area of Science:

  • Critical care medicine
  • Infectious diseases
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • Infective endocarditis (IE) is a severe condition associated with high in-hospital mortality.
  • IE can lead to sepsis and affect multiple organs, complicating patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify risk factors for in-hospital mortality in critically ill patients with IE.
  • To compare the incidence of clinical complications in IE patients versus other sepsis causes.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 84 patients diagnosed with IE using modified Dukes criteria.
  • Evaluation of patient characteristics, diagnostic findings, and clinical complications.
  • Comparison of complication incidence with a control group of sepsis patients.

Main Results:

  • In-hospital mortality rate for IE was 18.8%.
  • Significant mortality risk factors included septic shock, neurological complications (especially cerebral hemorrhage), non-performed surgery, and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF).
  • Heart failure incidence was significantly higher in IE patients compared to other sepsis causes.

Conclusions:

  • Septic shock, neurological complications, non-performed surgery, and HFrEF are key predictors of mortality in critically ill IE patients.
  • In-hospital mortality and most clinical complication rates in IE are comparable to other sepsis etiologies, with heart failure being a notable exception.
Abstract

Keywords:
ComplicationsCritical illnessIn-hospital mortalityInfective endocarditis

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