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Jealous Behavior in Chimpanzees Elicited by Social Intruders.

Christine E Webb1,2, Kayla Kolff2,3, Xuejing Du2

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Jealous behavior was observed in chimpanzees when valuable social bonds were threatened. This emotion may have evolved to protect important relationships from rivals in diverse animal societies.

Keywords:
Animal emotionsChimpanzeesIntroductionsJealous behaviorSocial relationships

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Area of Science:

  • Primate behavior
  • Comparative psychology
  • Animal emotions

Background:

  • Jealousy is a complex emotion involving threats to social bonds.
  • While studied in humans, jealousy in non-human animals remains under-explored.
  • Primate social relationships are crucial for fitness, suggesting potential for jealousy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the presence and adaptive function of jealousy in chimpanzees.
  • To test predictions of a proximate jealousy mechanism in a non-human primate model.
  • To understand the role of jealousy in protecting valuable social bonds.

Main Methods:

  • Observing a colony of 17 chimpanzees during a group introduction period.
  • Analyzing negative reactions (agonism, intervention attempts) towards social dyads.
  • Correlating reactions with the relationship value between the aggressor/intervener and the dyad members.

Main Results:

  • Chimpanzees exhibited negative reactions when a valuable relationship was threatened by a potential rival.
  • These reactions were more frequent towards dyads involving newly introduced individuals.
  • Jealous behavior was particularly evident during the socially unstable introduction phase.

Conclusions:

  • Jealousy appears to play an adaptive role in protecting fitness-enhancing relationships in chimpanzees.
  • The findings suggest that jealousy may have evolved in diverse animal societies to guard social bonds.
  • This study provides evidence for jealousy as a proximate mechanism in primate social dynamics.