A Nationally Representative Survey Assessing Restorative Sleep in US Adults.

Area of Science:

• Sleep Medicine
• Psychometrics
• Public Health

Background:

• Restorative sleep is a critical but poorly defined aspect of overall health.
• Existing measures of restorative sleep lack validation in large, representative populations.
• A need exists for a reliable tool to quantify the subjective experience of restorative sleep.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop and validate the revised Restorative Sleep Questionnaire (REST-Q) for assessing restorative sleep.
• To determine the prevalence of high, moderate, and low REST-Q scores in a US adult population.
• To examine the associations between REST-Q scores and demographic and sleep-related characteristics.

Main Methods:

• A panel of 7 experts refined existing measures to create the 9-item REST-Q with Likert scales.
• The REST-Q was administered to a nationally representative sample of 1,055 US adults.
• Statistical analyses included correlations and weighted logistic regression to assess REST-Q validity and demographic associations.

Main Results:

• The prevalence of high REST-Q scores (indicating greater restoration) was 28.1% in the sample.
• REST-Q scores positively correlated with self-reported sleep quality (r=0.61) and duration (r=0.32).
• Higher restorative sleep scores were associated with older age (≥60), being widowed, and retirement; lower scores were linked to not working and larger households.

Conclusions:

• The revised Restorative Sleep Questionnaire (REST-Q) demonstrates potential utility for measuring restorative sleep.
• The findings provide insights into the prevalence and demographic correlates of restorative sleep in US adults.
• Further research can utilize the REST-Q to explore the impact of restorative sleep on health outcomes.