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Epigenetic Regulation01:37

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Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
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DNA methylation changes and inflammaging in aging-associated diseases.

Mina Alimohammadi1, Shima Makaremi2, Ali Rahimi3

  • 1Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1983969411, Iran.

Epigenomics
|August 31, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Aging involves chronic inflammation, known as inflammaging, which is linked to DNA methylation changes. Dysregulation of DNA methylation during aging disrupts biological processes, contributing to diseases like cancer and diabetes.

Keywords:
DNA methylationagingaging-associated diseaseschronic inflammationepigenetic alterationinflammaging

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology and Epigenetics
  • Molecular Biology and Disease Mechanisms

Background:

  • Aging is characterized by physiological decline and increased chronic disease risk.
  • Chronic inflammation, termed inflammaging, is a hallmark of aging, involving inflammatory cell infiltration and elevated proinflammatory cytokines.
  • Epigenetic alterations, particularly DNA methylation changes, occur during aging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of DNA methylation in inflammaging.
  • To explore how DNA methylation dysregulation contributes to age-related diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on DNA methylation and inflammaging.
  • Analysis of epigenetic mechanisms in aging.

Main Results:

  • DNA methylation patterns are altered during the aging process.
  • Aberrant DNA methylation is implicated in the development and progression of age-related disorders.
  • DNA methylation plays a role in inflammaging-related biological activities.

Conclusions:

  • DNA methylation is a key epigenetic mechanism involved in aging and inflammaging.
  • Dysregulation of DNA methylation contributes significantly to the pathogenesis of various human diseases associated with aging.