The relationship between lymphopenia and development of late complications in severe acute pancreatitis

In this study we aimed to predict patients who would develop late stage acute pancreatitis related complications. So we would be able to ease the decision making process about the timing of cholecycstectomy. On the other hand we also suggest a possible insight into the mechanisms which lead development of lyphopenia in severe acute pancreatitis and its possible effects on prognosis.

In this study, 163 severe acute pancreatitis case who has been treated as inpatient between January 2013 and January 2018 has been involved. Patients charts and all documented data has been analysed retrospectively. According to the existence or absence of late complications of severe acute pancreatitis, patients have been divided into two groups; Group 1 had no late complication, Group 2 had either pseudocyst or WON (Walled of Necrosis) at 1st month CT.

The difference between two groups in terms of 48th hour lymphocyte percentage was significant (p=0.000; p<0.05). Group 2 had remarkably longer duration of hospital stay (p=0.000; p<0.05). 48th hour CRP level of group 2 was significantly higher than of group 1 (p<0.000).

There is a statistically significant relation between the presence of lymphopenia, at 48th hour of presentation in severe biliary pancreatitis patients and development of delayed complications. We can strongly say that there would be no late term pancreatitis related complications if there was no lymphopenia at 48 hour and an early cholecystectomi can be performed in such cases. Lymphopenia seen around 48. hr of admission is highly related to development of late complications in severe acute pancreatitis.