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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 30, 2025

Experimental Methods for Efficient Solar Hydrogen Production in Microgravity Environment

Experimental Methods for Efficient Solar Hydrogen Production in Microgravity Environment

Published on: December 3, 2019

Mars Oxygen ISRU Experiment (MOXIE)-Preparing for human Mars exploration.

Jeffrey A Hoffman¹, Michael H Hecht², Donald Rapp³

¹MIT Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.

Science Advances

|August 31, 2022

Summary

The Mars Oxygen In Situ Resource Utilization (ISRU) Experiment (MOXIE) successfully produced oxygen on Mars. This demonstration is crucial for future human missions, enabling propellant production for Mars ascent.

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Area of Science:

Planetary Science
Aerospace Engineering
Chemical Engineering

Background:

The Mars Oxygen In Situ Resource Utilization (ISRU) Experiment (MOXIE) is a key technology for sustainable human exploration of Mars.
Producing oxygen on Mars reduces the need to transport massive amounts of oxidizer from Earth, lowering mission costs and complexity.

Purpose of the Study:

To demonstrate the feasibility of in-situ resource utilization (ISRU) on another planet.
To produce breathable oxygen and rocket propellant from the Martian atmosphere.

Main Methods:

MOXIE utilizes solid oxide electrolysis to split carbon dioxide (CO2) from the Martian atmosphere into oxygen (O2) and carbon monoxide (CO).
The experiment was conducted on the Martian surface, operating under various conditions including different times of day and seasons.

Main Results:

MOXIE successfully produced oxygen on multiple occasions between February 2021 and the end of 2021.
The experiment demonstrated consistent oxygen production, validating the core technology for larger-scale applications.

Conclusions:

MOXIE's successful demonstration paves the way for scaled-up systems capable of producing the tens of tons of oxygen needed for Mars ascent.
This ISRU capability is vital for enabling a sustainable human presence and return capability from Mars.