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The LeEIX Locus Determines Pathogen Resistance in Tomato.

Meirav Leibman-Markus1, Rupali Gupta1, Lorena Pizarro1

  • 1Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, Plant Protection Institute, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Institute, Rishon LeZion, Israel.

Phytopathology
|August 31, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Plant pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) help distinguish pathogens. Modulating LeEIX1 and LeEIX2 PRRs in tomato enhances immunity and pathogen resistance, suggesting a role in plant defense.

Keywords:
EIXLeEIXflg22immunitypathogenesisxylanase

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Area of Science:

  • Plant immunity
  • Microbe-plant interactions
  • Molecular plant pathology

Background:

  • Plants possess pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) to distinguish between pathogens and beneficial microbes.
  • Spatiotemporal regulation of PRRs is hypothesized to play a role in this discrimination.
  • The LeEIX locus in tomato encodes PRRs that recognize xylanases from beneficial microbes like Trichoderma.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the general roles of LeEIX locus PRRs in tomato immunity and pathogen resistance.
  • To understand the contribution of LeEIX PRRs in differentiating between beneficial and pathogenic microbes.
  • To explore the implications of LeEIX PRR variants in wild tomato relatives for disease susceptibility.

Main Methods:

  • Genetic manipulation of LeEIX1 (mutation) and LeEIX2 (overexpression) in tomato.
  • Assessment of basal and elicited immunity responses.
  • Evaluation of resistance to a broad spectrum of fungal and bacterial pathogens.
  • Comparative analysis of pathogen sensitivity between Solanum lycopersicum and Solanum pennellii.

Main Results:

  • Mutating the inhibitory LeEIX1 or overexpressing the activating LeEIX2 conferred resistance to diverse pathogens and enhanced immunity.
  • LeEIX1 knockout increased the expression of other PRRs (e.g., FLS2) and improved resistance to bacterial pathogens.
  • Wild tomato Solanum pennellii, possessing inactive LeEIX variants, showed increased sensitivity to fungal and bacterial pathogens.

Conclusions:

  • The LeEIX locus plays a significant role in plant immunity and resistance to specific pathogen types.
  • LeEIX locus may confer resistance to fungal necrotrophs, while resistance to biotrophs involves other genetic factors.
  • Modulating LeEIX PRRs offers a potential strategy for enhancing crop disease resistance.