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Related Concept Videos

Sleep Apnea01:21

Sleep Apnea

214
Sleep apnea is a condition where breathing stops intermittently during sleep, often leading to significant health issues. Each episode can last from 10 to 20 seconds or more and is frequently accompanied by a brief arousal from sleep. This disturbance, largely unnoticed by the individual, can lead to severe daytime fatigue. Commonly, individuals seek help after being informed by their partners about loud snoring and noticeable breathing pauses during sleep.
The condition is more prevalent among...
214
REM Sleep Behavior Disorder01:15

REM Sleep Behavior Disorder

358
REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD) is a sleep disorder characterized by the absence of muscle paralysis that normally occurs during the REM phase of sleep. This absence allows individuals to physically act out their dreams, which are often vivid and disturbing. Common behaviors exhibited during episodes include kicking, punching, and yelling. These actions can be dangerous, potentially leading to injuries for the person with RBD or their bed partner.
RBD is significantly associated with...
358
Skeletal Muscle Relaxants: Therapeutic Uses01:31

Skeletal Muscle Relaxants: Therapeutic Uses

603
Skeletal muscle relaxants are used to relax muscle tone and alleviate painful muscle contractions. However, the choice of skeletal muscle relaxants depends on the duration of the surgical procedure in order to minimize potential side effects. Skeletal muscle relaxants like neuromuscular blocking agents [NMBAs] are commonly employed as adjuvants alongside general anesthetics in clinical settings. NMBAs are also used to maintain controlled ventilation during surgery of the larynx or pharynx...
603
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation II: ACLS Airway Management01:22

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation II: ACLS Airway Management

74
Airway management is a key skill in emergency and critical care settings, as maintaining a clear airway is essential for adequate oxygenation and ventilation.Head Tilt-Chin Lift TechniqueThe head tilt-chin lift maneuver is an essential technique primarily used in patients without suspected cervical spine injuries. To perform this maneuver, one hand is placed on the patient’s forehead, and gentle pressure is applied backward to tilt the head. The fingertips of the other hand are positioned...
74
Mechanical Ventilation III: Noninvasive Ventilation01:23

Mechanical Ventilation III: Noninvasive Ventilation

211
Noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation (NIPPV), continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), and bilevel positive airway pressure (BiPAP) are essential methods in respiratory care. These ventilation techniques offer unique benefits for patients with various respiratory conditions, providing adequate support without requiring intubation. Let's explore how each method is crucial in improving patient outcomes and enhancing respiratory therapy.
Noninvasive Positive-Pressure Ventilation...
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Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy DISE with Target Controlled Infusion TCI and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
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Intraoral Neuromuscular Stimulation Device and Rapid Eye Movement-Dependent Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Waiz Wasey1, Naila Manahil1, Neha Wasey2

  • 1Family and Community Medicine, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, USA.

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|September 1, 2022
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Summary

This study shows that an intraoral device improved sleep apnea, specifically in REM sleep. Consistent use of this neuromuscular stimulation device can significantly benefit patients with REM-dependent obstructive sleep apnea.

Keywords:
motor neuronsmuscle skeletalneuromuscular electrical stimulationobstructive sleep apnea (osa)rem

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Area of Science:

  • Sleep Medicine
  • Neuromuscular Physiology
  • Otolaryngology

Background:

  • Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) involves pharyngeal collapse due to reduced dilator muscle tone.
  • The genioglossus muscle, crucial for airway patency, is stronger but less enduring in OSA patients.
  • Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) can enhance genioglossus endurance, improving mild OSA.

Observation:

  • OSA severity often worsens during REM sleep due to neurological factors affecting muscle tone.
  • A novel intraoral NMES device (eXciteOSA®) was developed for snoring and mild OSA.
  • The study investigated the device's efficacy in improving the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) specifically during REM sleep.

Findings:

  • The case report details a middle-aged female experiencing significant improvement in REM-dependent OSA.
  • Consistent use of the intraoral NMES device led to a notable reduction in AHI during REM sleep.
  • This suggests the device can effectively address REM sleep-related breathing disruptions in OSA.

Implications:

  • Intraoral NMES may offer a new therapeutic option for REM sleep-dominant obstructive sleep apnea.
  • Targeting genioglossus muscle endurance with NMES shows promise for managing specific OSA phenotypes.
  • Further research is warranted to confirm these findings in larger OSA populations.