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Vancomycin as an Antibacterial Agent Capped with Silver Nanoparticles: An Experimental Potential Analysis
Mohsina Patwekar1, Faheem Patwekar1, Saad Alghamdi2
1Luqman College of Pharmacy, Gulbarga, Karnataka, India.
Abstract:
For the treatment of various infections, a variety of antimicrobial drugs are formulated. Nevertheless, many bacterial infections now exhibit antibiotic resistance due to the widespread utilization antibiotics. Methicillin-resistant among the most dangerous multidrug-resistant bacteria is Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Vancomycin became a viable therapy option due to MRSA resistance to methicillin medicines. One of the well-informed antibacterial compounds with wideband antibacterial activity is silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). AgNPs are thus suitable candidates for usage in conjunction alongside vancomycin to increase its antibacterial effect. The goal of the present research work is to boost the antibacterial potency of the glycopeptide antibiotic vancomycin towards Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) but also Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria. The chemical reduction approach is used to create a colloidal solution of silver nanoparticles utilizing silver nitrate as a precursor in the environment of the ionic surfactant trisodium citrate that serves as covering including reducing reagent. Vancomycin was used to functionalize the synthesized nanoparticles and create the nanodrug complex (Van@AgNPs). The synergistic antibacterial potential of silver nanoparticles coated with vancomycin on both test pathogens was investigated using the agar well diffusion technique. The antibacterial potency for both classes of bacteria has significantly increased, according to the well diffusion test. It has been noted that this improvement is synergistic instead of additive.
Insights
This study enhances vancomycin
Area of Science:
- Nanotechnology
- Microbiology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Antibiotic resistance is a growing global health threat, with Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) being a critical concern.
- Vancomycin is a key antibiotic for treating MRSA infections, but resistance is emerging.
- Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) possess broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and are explored as adjunct therapies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To enhance the antibacterial efficacy of vancomycin against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria.
- To develop a novel nanodrug complex by functionalizing silver nanoparticles with vancomycin.
- To investigate the synergistic antibacterial effects of the vancomycin-functionalized silver nanoparticles (Van@AgNPs).
Main Methods:
- Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized using a chemical reduction method with silver nitrate and trisodium citrate.
- Synthesized AgNPs were functionalized with vancomycin to create the Van@AgNPs nanodrug complex.
- The agar well diffusion technique was employed to evaluate the synergistic antibacterial activity of Van@AgNPs against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.
Main Results:
- The synthesized silver nanoparticles demonstrated broad-spectrum antibacterial activity.
- The Van@AgNPs complex exhibited significantly enhanced antibacterial potency against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria compared to vancomycin alone.
- The observed enhancement in antibacterial activity was synergistic, indicating a combined effect greater than the sum of individual components.
Conclusions:
- The developed Van@AgNPs nanodrug complex shows promising synergistic antibacterial activity, offering a potential strategy to combat antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
- Functionalizing silver nanoparticles with vancomycin can overcome existing resistance mechanisms and improve treatment outcomes for bacterial infections.
- This approach holds potential for developing next-generation antimicrobial therapies against challenging pathogens like MRSA.
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