Antibody-drug conjugates: beyond current approvals and potential future strategies
Siddharth Menon1,2, Sagun Parakh1,2, Andrew M Scott1,2
1Olivia Newton-John Cancer Centre at Austin Health, Olivia Newton-John Cancer Wellness & Research Centre, Heidelberg Victoria 3084, Australia.
Abstract:
The recent approvals for antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) in multiple malignancies in recent years have fuelled the ongoing development of this class of drugs. These novel agents combine the benefits of high specific targeting of oncogenic cell surface antigens with the additional cell kill from high potency cytotoxic payloads, thus achieving wider therapeutic windows. This review will summarise the clinical activity of ADCs in tumour types not covered elsewhere in this issue, such as gastrointestinal (GI) and genitourinary (GU) cancers and glioblastoma (GBM). In addition to the ongoing clinical testing of existing ADCs, there is substantial preclinical and early phase testing of newer ADCs or ADC incorporating strategies. This review will provide selected insights into such future development, focusing on the development of novel ADCs against new antigen targets in the tumour microenvironment (TME) and combination of ADCs with immuno-oncology (IO) agents.
Insights
Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) show promise in treating various cancers by targeting cancer cells. This review covers ADCs in gastrointestinal, genitourinary cancers, and glioblastoma, exploring future developments including novel targets and combinations.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Recent approvals highlight the growing importance of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) in cancer therapy.
- ADCs leverage targeted delivery of cytotoxic payloads to oncogenic antigens, enhancing therapeutic windows.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the clinical activity of ADCs in specific cancer types: gastrointestinal (GI), genitourinary (GU), and glioblastoma (GBM).
- To provide insights into future ADC development, including novel antigen targets and combination strategies.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of clinical activity and preclinical/early phase testing of ADCs.
- Focus on emerging ADC strategies and combinations with immuno-oncology (IO) agents.
Main Results:
- ADCs demonstrate clinical activity in GI, GU cancers, and GBM.
- Substantial preclinical and early-phase research is underway for novel ADCs and combination therapies.
Conclusions:
- ADCs represent a significant advancement in oncology, with ongoing development expanding their application.
- Future directions include targeting novel antigens within the tumor microenvironment (TME) and combining ADCs with IO agents for improved efficacy.
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