Effects of Sheep Bone Collagen Peptide on Liver Lipid Deposition in Ovariectomized Rats

Liver can be directly involved in the synthesis and decomposition of fatty acids. Liver lipid deposition is one of the most common chronic liver diseases. Estrogen deficiency can cause lipid deposition and energy metabolism disorders in the liver. Sheep bone collagen peptide (SBCP) has been shown to have estrogen-like effects in previous studies. And SBCP has high bioavailability, safety and non-toxic side effects. This study aimed to investigate the effect of SBCP on liver lipid deposition (LLD) caused by estrogen deficiency. Female Wistar rats were treated as follows (n=10): sham group: underwent peri-ovary fat removal operations, ovariectomized rats (model group), ovariectomized rats receiving SBCP treatments: SBCP high dose group (SBCP-H), SBCP medium dose group (SBCP-M) and SBCP low dose group (SBCP-L). After 8 wk, the model group demonstrated severe LLD and liver pathological changes, with increased malondialdehyde (MDA) and free fatty acid (FFA) levels (p<0.05). Additionally, the total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activity (p<0.05), serum albumin-to-globulin (A/G) ratio (p<0.05), amount of butyric acid-producing bacteria and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) content decreased. SBCP intervention could inhibit the occurrence of LLD and alleviate the liver histopathological damage induced by estrogen deficiency by relieving oxidative stress, preventing the loss of butyric acid-producing bacteria, and decreasing the abundance of Lactobacillus reuteri in the gut. The results suggested that SBCP could improve the LLD indecued by estrogen deficiency.